University of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Comparative evaluation of business continuity management frameworks (Case: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc))Comparative evaluation of business continuity management frameworks (Case: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc))517307610.22091/stim.2024.11281.2156FAHamid RezaKhedmatgozar0000-0003-2259-9811EsmaeilShayestehIslamic Azad University- Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran0009-0000-4284-7427HamidHassaniIranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc); Tehran, Iran0000-0002-8234-7416LeilaNamdarianInformation and Society Research Department, Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IRANDOC), Tehran, Iran0000-0002-1411-6368Journal Article20240901Purpose: Business continuity refers to an organization’s ability to continue delivering essential products and services even in the face of disruptions or crises. This is particularly important for organizations heavily dependent on Information Technology (IT), which must quickly return to normal operations during a crisis. The Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc), which provides most of its services through IT platforms, requires the design and implementation of a business continuity management (BCM) framework to ensure flexibility and efficiency in handling disruptions and crises. This study aims to evaluate and compare reputable business continuity management frameworks to identify the most suitable one for IranDoc.<br /><br />Method: This study was conducted in three main steps. In the first step, previous research and established BCM frameworks were reviewed to identify key criteria. In the second step, a comparative evaluation framework focusing on 36 basic and comparative criteria was designed. In the third step, three key BCM frameworks—ISO 22301: 2019, COBIT 2019: Continuity Management, and ITIL-ITSCM—were evaluated and compared using the Shannon entropy method (to calculate the weight of the criteria) and the group TOPSIS method (to rank the frameworks). These three frameworks were analyzed based on criteria relevant to IranDoc’s specific needs to determine which one best matches the organization’s requirements.<br /><br />Findings: Based on the first two steps, the comparative evaluation framework included 36 basic and comparative criteria (such as determining continuity needs, business continuity strategies, formulating continuity policies, setting goals and priorities, defining boundaries and responsibilities, management commitment, cultural involvement in continuity management, risk analysis, business impact analysis, crisis probability assessment, disaster recovery/ crisis plans, developing contingency plans, continuity process implementation, drafting operational guidelines, testing the business continuity plan, previous experience in dealing with incidents, information required for the continuity plan, use of technology in continuity, financial management, interaction with related organizations, supplier management, human resources management, promotion, awareness, and training, resource allocation, drafting periodic reports, business continuity reviews, legal management, matching the size of the target organization, compatibility with usage levels, matching required skill levels, support for Persian and common languages, compatibility with standards and documentation, coverage of definitions and terminology, speed, ease of use, and clarity of processes). The results of the third step showed that among the three frameworks examined, ISO 22301: 2019 was identified as the framework most aligned with IranDoc’s specific needs. This framework is particularly effective in managing disruptions and restoring services to normal quickly and efficiently. Additionally, ISO 22301 is compatible with international standards and comprehensive documentation, providing adequate coverage for the organization's linguistic and cultural needs.<br /><br />Conclusion: This study demonstrates that selecting the appropriate BCM framework is essential for ensuring the continuity of critical operations and protecting organizational interests during crises. Furthermore, managers must recognize the importance of BCM in securing essential operations and safeguarding organizational benefits throughout crises. The results suggest that choosing a suitable BCM framework, such as ISO 22301: 2019, should be based on a thorough evaluation of the organization’s requirements, size, and capabilities. Selecting ISO 22301: 2019 as the recommended framework for IranDoc, due to its high alignment with the organization’s needs, can improve IranDoc’s ability to manage disruptions and crises. Moreover, the significance of having a BCM framework in reducing costs, preserving the organization’s reputation, and increasing recovery speed after a crisis is clearly highlighted in the findings. The study also confirms the applicability of the comparative evaluation method and the multiple criteria decision-making approach for ranking the frameworks. Finally, given the study's limitations, several recommendations are provided, including 1) conducting similar studies in other organizations or industries to validate the findings and assess the applicability of the proposed approach in different contexts; 2) exploring the integration of BCM with other management systems; 3) examining the influence of organizational culture, leadership, and employee participation on the successful implementation and acceptance of BCM frameworks; and 4) researching the design of more comprehensive and quantitative evaluation frameworks for BCM, incorporating additional complementary criteria.Purpose: Business continuity refers to an organization’s ability to continue delivering essential products and services even in the face of disruptions or crises. This is particularly important for organizations heavily dependent on Information Technology (IT), which must quickly return to normal operations during a crisis. The Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc), which provides most of its services through IT platforms, requires the design and implementation of a business continuity management (BCM) framework to ensure flexibility and efficiency in handling disruptions and crises. This study aims to evaluate and compare reputable business continuity management frameworks to identify the most suitable one for IranDoc.<br /><br />Method: This study was conducted in three main steps. In the first step, previous research and established BCM frameworks were reviewed to identify key criteria. In the second step, a comparative evaluation framework focusing on 36 basic and comparative criteria was designed. In the third step, three key BCM frameworks—ISO 22301: 2019, COBIT 2019: Continuity Management, and ITIL-ITSCM—were evaluated and compared using the Shannon entropy method (to calculate the weight of the criteria) and the group TOPSIS method (to rank the frameworks). These three frameworks were analyzed based on criteria relevant to IranDoc’s specific needs to determine which one best matches the organization’s requirements.<br /><br />Findings: Based on the first two steps, the comparative evaluation framework included 36 basic and comparative criteria (such as determining continuity needs, business continuity strategies, formulating continuity policies, setting goals and priorities, defining boundaries and responsibilities, management commitment, cultural involvement in continuity management, risk analysis, business impact analysis, crisis probability assessment, disaster recovery/ crisis plans, developing contingency plans, continuity process implementation, drafting operational guidelines, testing the business continuity plan, previous experience in dealing with incidents, information required for the continuity plan, use of technology in continuity, financial management, interaction with related organizations, supplier management, human resources management, promotion, awareness, and training, resource allocation, drafting periodic reports, business continuity reviews, legal management, matching the size of the target organization, compatibility with usage levels, matching required skill levels, support for Persian and common languages, compatibility with standards and documentation, coverage of definitions and terminology, speed, ease of use, and clarity of processes). The results of the third step showed that among the three frameworks examined, ISO 22301: 2019 was identified as the framework most aligned with IranDoc’s specific needs. This framework is particularly effective in managing disruptions and restoring services to normal quickly and efficiently. Additionally, ISO 22301 is compatible with international standards and comprehensive documentation, providing adequate coverage for the organization's linguistic and cultural needs.<br /><br />Conclusion: This study demonstrates that selecting the appropriate BCM framework is essential for ensuring the continuity of critical operations and protecting organizational interests during crises. Furthermore, managers must recognize the importance of BCM in securing essential operations and safeguarding organizational benefits throughout crises. The results suggest that choosing a suitable BCM framework, such as ISO 22301: 2019, should be based on a thorough evaluation of the organization’s requirements, size, and capabilities. Selecting ISO 22301: 2019 as the recommended framework for IranDoc, due to its high alignment with the organization’s needs, can improve IranDoc’s ability to manage disruptions and crises. Moreover, the significance of having a BCM framework in reducing costs, preserving the organization’s reputation, and increasing recovery speed after a crisis is clearly highlighted in the findings. The study also confirms the applicability of the comparative evaluation method and the multiple criteria decision-making approach for ranking the frameworks. Finally, given the study's limitations, several recommendations are provided, including 1) conducting similar studies in other organizations or industries to validate the findings and assess the applicability of the proposed approach in different contexts; 2) exploring the integration of BCM with other management systems; 3) examining the influence of organizational culture, leadership, and employee participation on the successful implementation and acceptance of BCM frameworks; and 4) researching the design of more comprehensive and quantitative evaluation frameworks for BCM, incorporating additional complementary criteria.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3076_912ee8d321c71eeb66af627536eb4ad0.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Examining the level of familiarity of faculty members of Jundishapur Dezful University of Technology with the role of metadata in the visibility of articles on the webExamining the level of familiarity of faculty members of Jundishapur Dezful University of Technology with the role of metadata in the visibility of articles on the web8352315510.22091/stim.2024.10101.2036FAMohammad HassanAzimiDepartment of Knowledge and Information Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran0000-0002-7786-0944Mohammad AminSekhavatmaneshDepartment of Knowledge and Information Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran0009-0000-0159-6801BabakAkhgarDepartment of Informatics, Sheffield Hallam University. Sheffield. UK0000-0003-3684-6481Journal Article20240308<strong>Purpose: </strong>Among the numerous research outputs of universities, published articles have received the most attention. In European and American universities, the number of articles a faculty member publishes annually is considered an indicator of their professional success. This study aims to examine the familiarity of faculty members at Jundishapur Dezful University of Technology with the role of metadata in enhancing the visibility of articles in the online environment.
<strong> Method: </strong>The present research is applied in nature and was conducted using a survey method with a descriptive approach. The population studied consists of all 82 faculty members of Jundishapur Dezful University of Technology. Due to the small population size, a census method was employed. The data collection tool is a questionnaire that includes demographic information and 53 items divided into three sections. The first section, related to metadata, is adapted from the Metadata 2020 questionnaire (Kaiser et al., 2021). The second section, focused on visibility, and the third section, concerning the use of metadata and metadata elements in Word software, were developed by the researchers to address the research questions. The questionnaire's validity was established through face and content validity assessments. Reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, with scores of 0.86, 0.81, and 0.77 for each section, respectively. Some items use a five-point Likert scale; others offer prioritization options, and some are answered with yes or no. After confirming validity and reliability, the data were transferred to Excel software and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
<strong> Findings: </strong>The findings showed that approximately half of the faculty members had neither seen nor heard the word metadata, and its meaning was unclear to most of them. Additionally, the results indicate that about 75% of the faculty members did not have an accurate understanding of the concept of metadata, while only around 25% demonstrated a relative familiarity with it. The results also showed that, from the faculty members' perspective, the most important pieces of information for making articles accessible, searching for articles, or deciding whether to read or download an article are the title, author, organizational affiliation, abstract, and publication date. Before using a research work, faculty members place great importance on the title, format, size, and volume of the work when deciding whether to use it. The findings indicate that faculty members have a high level of interest and motivation to publish their articles and collaborate with both domestic and international researchers. They also reported a strong familiarity with scientific databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and ORCID. Additionally, half of the faculty members employ strategies to increase their visibility, while the other half reduce their visibility by not maintaining a user profile or ID in databases and scientific social networks. It was also found that most faculty members use Microsoft Word daily to write their articles. Additionally, many faculty members do not utilize various types of metadata (descriptive, structural, executive, or management) when writing their articles using Word software, or they use them minimally. This results in improper indexing of the articles in search engines and databases, ultimately reducing their visibility. It was also observed that most faculty members are unfamiliar with the key elements of metadata creation in this software and therefore do not use them.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: The findings indicate that faculty members' lack of familiarity with the concept of metadata, as well as their failure to apply it when writing and publishing articles online, results in improper indexing of these articles in search engines and databases. Consequently, this reduces the visibility of their work. It is recommended to hold workshops for faculty members to educate them about metadata, including its definition, types, and significance as a key factor in enhancing article visibility. Additionally, training on how to use metadata features in Word software should be provided to increase their proficiency and awareness.<strong>Purpose: </strong>Among the numerous research outputs of universities, published articles have received the most attention. In European and American universities, the number of articles a faculty member publishes annually is considered an indicator of their professional success. This study aims to examine the familiarity of faculty members at Jundishapur Dezful University of Technology with the role of metadata in enhancing the visibility of articles in the online environment.
<strong> Method: </strong>The present research is applied in nature and was conducted using a survey method with a descriptive approach. The population studied consists of all 82 faculty members of Jundishapur Dezful University of Technology. Due to the small population size, a census method was employed. The data collection tool is a questionnaire that includes demographic information and 53 items divided into three sections. The first section, related to metadata, is adapted from the Metadata 2020 questionnaire (Kaiser et al., 2021). The second section, focused on visibility, and the third section, concerning the use of metadata and metadata elements in Word software, were developed by the researchers to address the research questions. The questionnaire's validity was established through face and content validity assessments. Reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, with scores of 0.86, 0.81, and 0.77 for each section, respectively. Some items use a five-point Likert scale; others offer prioritization options, and some are answered with yes or no. After confirming validity and reliability, the data were transferred to Excel software and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
<strong> Findings: </strong>The findings showed that approximately half of the faculty members had neither seen nor heard the word metadata, and its meaning was unclear to most of them. Additionally, the results indicate that about 75% of the faculty members did not have an accurate understanding of the concept of metadata, while only around 25% demonstrated a relative familiarity with it. The results also showed that, from the faculty members' perspective, the most important pieces of information for making articles accessible, searching for articles, or deciding whether to read or download an article are the title, author, organizational affiliation, abstract, and publication date. Before using a research work, faculty members place great importance on the title, format, size, and volume of the work when deciding whether to use it. The findings indicate that faculty members have a high level of interest and motivation to publish their articles and collaborate with both domestic and international researchers. They also reported a strong familiarity with scientific databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and ORCID. Additionally, half of the faculty members employ strategies to increase their visibility, while the other half reduce their visibility by not maintaining a user profile or ID in databases and scientific social networks. It was also found that most faculty members use Microsoft Word daily to write their articles. Additionally, many faculty members do not utilize various types of metadata (descriptive, structural, executive, or management) when writing their articles using Word software, or they use them minimally. This results in improper indexing of the articles in search engines and databases, ultimately reducing their visibility. It was also observed that most faculty members are unfamiliar with the key elements of metadata creation in this software and therefore do not use them.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: The findings indicate that faculty members' lack of familiarity with the concept of metadata, as well as their failure to apply it when writing and publishing articles online, results in improper indexing of these articles in search engines and databases. Consequently, this reduces the visibility of their work. It is recommended to hold workshops for faculty members to educate them about metadata, including its definition, types, and significance as a key factor in enhancing article visibility. Additionally, training on how to use metadata features in Word software should be provided to increase their proficiency and awareness.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3155_d11bdd6d59768a56fbfb1db0637edcdb.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923The Antecedents Affecting the Adoption and Implementation of Mobile Technologies by Individual InvestorsThe Antecedents Affecting the Adoption and Implementation of Mobile Technologies by Individual Investors10884310910.22091/stim.2024.11120.2143FAMohammadNazaripourAccounting Department, Hazrat-e Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran0000-0001-9564-2230BabakZakizadehDepartment of Management, Islamic Azad University Sanandaj Branch, Sanandaj, Iran.0000-0002-8304-5866Journal Article20240805Purpose: Mobile technology is technology that is always available. Mobile devices reduce the need for expensive technology, such as landline carrier services. Mobile technologies provide individual investors with the opportunity to access financial information at any time and place they need. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the antecedents affecting the adoption and use of mobile technologies by individual investors in the Tehran Stock Exchange. <br /><br />Method: The present study is practical in nature and is considered as a descriptive-exploratory correlation study. The required data collected through the distribution of questionnaires among 310 individual investors. In this study, a simple random sampling was used. The time period of this study is the first half of 2024. Hierarchical regression method was used to analyze the data. <br /><br />Findings: This study includes two dependent variables of making investment decisions and stock trading. This study includes two dependent variables of making investment decisions and stock trading. Independent variables included objective knowledge, subjective knowledge, investment confidence, risk tolerance, mobile financial services familiarity, portfolio value, investment type, gender, education, income and workplace. These variables entered into the model in three stages. Regarding the first two models of both dependent variables, all the variables included in the models were significant. Regarding the third model of the first dependent variable (use of mobile technologies to make investment decisions), except for the variables related to familiarity with mobile financial services, the rest of the variables were significant. Regarding the third model of the second dependent variable (use of mobile technologies for stock trading), all variables were significant. <br /><br />Conclusion: Since the development of financial technologies, mobile financial services, and the future potential in open banking is done with the purpose of meeting the needs of users, therefore, understanding the investors' characteristics as antecedents of mobile investing adoption is of interest. Furthermore, regulatory development for mobile investing in the financial technologies is also necessary in order to increase trust and better serve investors. Finally, mobile technologies can help individual investors to access easier of transactions and automate portfolio management and allocation. <br /><br />Purpose: Mobile technology is technology that is always available. Mobile devices reduce the need for expensive technology, such as landline carrier services. Mobile technologies provide individual investors with the opportunity to access financial information at any time and place they need. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the antecedents affecting the adoption and use of mobile technologies by individual investors in the Tehran Stock Exchange. <br /><br />Method: The present study is practical in nature and is considered as a descriptive-exploratory correlation study. The required data collected through the distribution of questionnaires among 310 individual investors. In this study, a simple random sampling was used. The time period of this study is the first half of 2024. Hierarchical regression method was used to analyze the data. <br /><br />Findings: This study includes two dependent variables of making investment decisions and stock trading. This study includes two dependent variables of making investment decisions and stock trading. Independent variables included objective knowledge, subjective knowledge, investment confidence, risk tolerance, mobile financial services familiarity, portfolio value, investment type, gender, education, income and workplace. These variables entered into the model in three stages. Regarding the first two models of both dependent variables, all the variables included in the models were significant. Regarding the third model of the first dependent variable (use of mobile technologies to make investment decisions), except for the variables related to familiarity with mobile financial services, the rest of the variables were significant. Regarding the third model of the second dependent variable (use of mobile technologies for stock trading), all variables were significant. <br /><br />Conclusion: Since the development of financial technologies, mobile financial services, and the future potential in open banking is done with the purpose of meeting the needs of users, therefore, understanding the investors' characteristics as antecedents of mobile investing adoption is of interest. Furthermore, regulatory development for mobile investing in the financial technologies is also necessary in order to increase trust and better serve investors. Finally, mobile technologies can help individual investors to access easier of transactions and automate portfolio management and allocation.Purpose: Mobile technology is technology that is always available. Mobile devices reduce the need for expensive technology, such as landline carrier services. Mobile technologies provide individual investors with the opportunity to access financial information at any time and place they need. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the antecedents affecting the adoption and use of mobile technologies by individual investors in the Tehran Stock Exchange. <br /><br />Method: The present study is practical in nature and is considered as a descriptive-exploratory correlation study. The required data collected through the distribution of questionnaires among 310 individual investors. In this study, a simple random sampling was used. The time period of this study is the first half of 2024. Hierarchical regression method was used to analyze the data. <br /><br />Findings: This study includes two dependent variables of making investment decisions and stock trading. This study includes two dependent variables of making investment decisions and stock trading. Independent variables included objective knowledge, subjective knowledge, investment confidence, risk tolerance, mobile financial services familiarity, portfolio value, investment type, gender, education, income and workplace. These variables entered into the model in three stages. Regarding the first two models of both dependent variables, all the variables included in the models were significant. Regarding the third model of the first dependent variable (use of mobile technologies to make investment decisions), except for the variables related to familiarity with mobile financial services, the rest of the variables were significant. Regarding the third model of the second dependent variable (use of mobile technologies for stock trading), all variables were significant. <br /><br />Conclusion: Since the development of financial technologies, mobile financial services, and the future potential in open banking is done with the purpose of meeting the needs of users, therefore, understanding the investors' characteristics as antecedents of mobile investing adoption is of interest. Furthermore, regulatory development for mobile investing in the financial technologies is also necessary in order to increase trust and better serve investors. Finally, mobile technologies can help individual investors to access easier of transactions and automate portfolio management and allocation. <br /><br />Purpose: Mobile technology is technology that is always available. Mobile devices reduce the need for expensive technology, such as landline carrier services. Mobile technologies provide individual investors with the opportunity to access financial information at any time and place they need. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the antecedents affecting the adoption and use of mobile technologies by individual investors in the Tehran Stock Exchange. <br /><br />Method: The present study is practical in nature and is considered as a descriptive-exploratory correlation study. The required data collected through the distribution of questionnaires among 310 individual investors. In this study, a simple random sampling was used. The time period of this study is the first half of 2024. Hierarchical regression method was used to analyze the data. <br /><br />Findings: This study includes two dependent variables of making investment decisions and stock trading. This study includes two dependent variables of making investment decisions and stock trading. Independent variables included objective knowledge, subjective knowledge, investment confidence, risk tolerance, mobile financial services familiarity, portfolio value, investment type, gender, education, income and workplace. These variables entered into the model in three stages. Regarding the first two models of both dependent variables, all the variables included in the models were significant. Regarding the third model of the first dependent variable (use of mobile technologies to make investment decisions), except for the variables related to familiarity with mobile financial services, the rest of the variables were significant. Regarding the third model of the second dependent variable (use of mobile technologies for stock trading), all variables were significant. <br /><br />Conclusion: Since the development of financial technologies, mobile financial services, and the future potential in open banking is done with the purpose of meeting the needs of users, therefore, understanding the investors' characteristics as antecedents of mobile investing adoption is of interest. Furthermore, regulatory development for mobile investing in the financial technologies is also necessary in order to increase trust and better serve investors. Finally, mobile technologies can help individual investors to access easier of transactions and automate portfolio management and allocation.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3109_4f7e590c7f8e314568bd8b5c1ff34b52.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Provide a Model for Accepting E-Government Service Using Meta-Synthesis ApproachProvide a Model for Accepting E-Government Service Using Meta-Synthesis Approach143109323110.22091/stim.2025.11628.2183FAFatemehRajoliatMSc. of Business Management, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Qom University Qom, Qom, Iran.0009-0001-7066-4123EbrahimJavaheriZadehAssociate Prof., Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Qom University, Qom, Iran.0000-0003-0153-7435FatemehGhasemiBanabariPh.D Candidate in Public Administration, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.0009-0008-4388-5140Journal Article20241111<strong>Context:</strong> The revolution in information and communication technologies, along with the widespread use of the Internet, has transformed all aspects of human life. Even interactions between governments and citizens have been significantly affected. Electronic government has emerged as a new organizational form. To maximize citizen acceptance of these changes, research on electronic government adoption is essential. Therefore, the need for a unified model of electronic government acceptance, based on technology acceptance frameworks, has become increasingly important.
<strong>Objective</strong>: The objective of this study was to develop an acceptance model for e-government services using a meta-synthesis approach. This study is applied in orientation; in addition to its awareness-raising and scientific contributions, it also has practical implications for various government organizations seeking to implement e-government processes. Since the study aims to present and design an acceptance model for e-government services, it is exploratory in nature.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> The present study adopts a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The research community for the qualitative part of this study comprised all research relevant to the topic. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population included all academic and executive experts in the fields of e-government and technology acceptance. Data collection in the qualitative phase was conducted through library research. This phase involved a meta-synthesis and data extraction process following the seven-step method of Sandelowski and Barroso. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Thematic analysis is a flexible, relatively straightforward, and efficient method for identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns and themes within data. It organizes the collected dataset and transforms it into rich, detailed information. Each theme highlights significant aspects of the data related to the research question and represents a level of response or meaning that recurs throughout the dataset. To assess the validity of the qualitative component, expert evaluations and the agreement coefficient between two coders were utilized. The qualitative results identified 11 main themes, which were presented as a process model (the e-government acceptance model) based on the researcher's hypotheses and rationale. In the second stage, the relationships of influence among the components of the final qualitative model were examined using the DEMATEL decision-making method in the quantitative phase. Data for the quantitative stage were collected through researcher-designed questionnaires. Purposeful judgmental sampling was employed in this phase, with participation from 10 experts. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to analyze the data using the DEMATEL method in the quantitative analysis.
<strong>Findings:</strong> The research findings confirm that 81 sub-themes, grouped into 11 main themes, were extracted from 16 models related to technology acceptance and e-government. These main themes—actual behavior, behavioral intention, attitude towards technology, ease of use, objectivity of results, personality factors, perceived usefulness, digital divide, social norms, electronic trust, and technical infrastructure—constitute the core components of the e-government services acceptance model. Subsequently, the researchers analyzed data obtained from researcher-designed questionnaires completed by experts. Using the DEMATEL technique, they identified the influential and affected relationships among the model’s dimensions and components. Finally, the e-government services acceptance model was presented.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: The results of this study confirm that the acceptance of e-government services involves factors at both the individual and social levels. At the individual level, key components include actual behavior, behavioral intention, attitude toward technology, perceived usefulness, ease of use, objectivity of results, and personality traits. At the social level, factors such as the digital divide, social norms, electronic trust, and technical infrastructure are also important. Finally, recommendations for future research and practical applications are provided based on the study’s findings.<strong>Context:</strong> The revolution in information and communication technologies, along with the widespread use of the Internet, has transformed all aspects of human life. Even interactions between governments and citizens have been significantly affected. Electronic government has emerged as a new organizational form. To maximize citizen acceptance of these changes, research on electronic government adoption is essential. Therefore, the need for a unified model of electronic government acceptance, based on technology acceptance frameworks, has become increasingly important.
<strong>Objective</strong>: The objective of this study was to develop an acceptance model for e-government services using a meta-synthesis approach. This study is applied in orientation; in addition to its awareness-raising and scientific contributions, it also has practical implications for various government organizations seeking to implement e-government processes. Since the study aims to present and design an acceptance model for e-government services, it is exploratory in nature.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> The present study adopts a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The research community for the qualitative part of this study comprised all research relevant to the topic. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population included all academic and executive experts in the fields of e-government and technology acceptance. Data collection in the qualitative phase was conducted through library research. This phase involved a meta-synthesis and data extraction process following the seven-step method of Sandelowski and Barroso. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Thematic analysis is a flexible, relatively straightforward, and efficient method for identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns and themes within data. It organizes the collected dataset and transforms it into rich, detailed information. Each theme highlights significant aspects of the data related to the research question and represents a level of response or meaning that recurs throughout the dataset. To assess the validity of the qualitative component, expert evaluations and the agreement coefficient between two coders were utilized. The qualitative results identified 11 main themes, which were presented as a process model (the e-government acceptance model) based on the researcher's hypotheses and rationale. In the second stage, the relationships of influence among the components of the final qualitative model were examined using the DEMATEL decision-making method in the quantitative phase. Data for the quantitative stage were collected through researcher-designed questionnaires. Purposeful judgmental sampling was employed in this phase, with participation from 10 experts. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to analyze the data using the DEMATEL method in the quantitative analysis.
<strong>Findings:</strong> The research findings confirm that 81 sub-themes, grouped into 11 main themes, were extracted from 16 models related to technology acceptance and e-government. These main themes—actual behavior, behavioral intention, attitude towards technology, ease of use, objectivity of results, personality factors, perceived usefulness, digital divide, social norms, electronic trust, and technical infrastructure—constitute the core components of the e-government services acceptance model. Subsequently, the researchers analyzed data obtained from researcher-designed questionnaires completed by experts. Using the DEMATEL technique, they identified the influential and affected relationships among the model’s dimensions and components. Finally, the e-government services acceptance model was presented.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: The results of this study confirm that the acceptance of e-government services involves factors at both the individual and social levels. At the individual level, key components include actual behavior, behavioral intention, attitude toward technology, perceived usefulness, ease of use, objectivity of results, and personality traits. At the social level, factors such as the digital divide, social norms, electronic trust, and technical infrastructure are also important. Finally, recommendations for future research and practical applications are provided based on the study’s findings.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3231_40941734aca65cc61db57ba93bd1542a.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Analysis of the role of motivations and organizational culture on the intention to share knowledge in the direction of Online knowledge sharingAnalysis of the role of motivations and organizational culture on the intention to share knowledge in the direction of Online knowledge sharing169144323310.22091/stim.2025.11115.2140FAMasoudBakhtiariDepartment of Accounting, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-8933-8969ZohreShareiZohre Sharei Management Group، , Faculty of Management، , Economics and Accounting، , Payame Noor University، Tehran، Iran0000-0003-0520-5278HamedRezaniaManagement Group، , Faculty of Management، , Economics and Accounting، , Payame Noor University، Tehran، Iran0009-0008-5353-0386Journal Article20240804<strong>Objective: </strong>The importance of knowledge sharing within an organization cannot be overstated. However, without motivation, it is challenging to expect knowledge sharing behavior. In the era of knowledge-based economy, knowledge has become a critical asset for companies. The significance of knowledge sharing among employees is well documented. It not only enhances organizational performance but also positively impacts cooperation among employees, decision-making efficiency, creativity, and innovation. These factors are essential for an organization to excel, especially in today’s competitive business environment. Successfully motivating employees to share knowledge can help an organization increase and sustain its competitive advantage. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the roles of motivation and organizational culture in influencing the intention to share knowledge.
<strong>Methodology: </strong>This study is a form of applied research in terms of its purpose. Methodologically, it falls under descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population consists of 220 employees from Eram Ardakan Tile Company. Using Cochran's formula, a sample size of 140 individuals was determined. The questionnaire was designed electronically on the Pressline website, and its link was distributed to employees via social networks and work-related groups within these platforms. Since the research variables could not be examined across the entire organization or linked to a specific subgroup, a simple random sampling method was employed. After distributing the questionnaire, 127 completed responses were received and used for analysis. The data collection instruments included standardized questionnaires measuring extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, and intention to share knowledge (Lin, 2007); knowledge donation and collection (Ven Denhof & Van Veenen, 2004); and organizational culture (Denison, 2000; Fay and Denison, 2003). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 22 and PLS software version 3 are used to process the statistical data related to the questionnaire.
<strong>Findings: </strong>Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling in PLS software. A bootstrapping test was conducted to examine the mediator effects, and the model fit was assessed. The findings indicate that intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on the intention to share knowledge online (T > 1.96). Additionally, the intention to share knowledge online has a positive and significant effect on knowledge donation and collection (T > 1.96). The moderating role of extrinsic motivation on the relationship between intrinsic motivation and the intention to share knowledge was not significant (T < 1.96). Furthermore, organizational culture positively moderates the relationship between intrinsic motivation and the intention to share knowledge. Finally, the mediating role of knowledge sharing intention in the relationship between intrinsic motivation and knowledge donation and collection was confirmed (T > 1.96).
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Without motivation, it is difficult to expect employees to engage in online knowledge-sharing behavior. To encourage participation, organizations must understand what motivates their employees. In other words, when sharing knowledge leads to personal satisfaction, the intention to share knowledge online is strengthened. At Kashi Eram Ardakan Company, external incentives such as tangible rewards do not negatively affect the relationship between intrinsic motivation and the intention to share knowledge. Because intrinsic motivation is difficult to change, organizations often reinforce their organizational culture to facilitate online knowledge sharing. It appears that at Kashi Eram Company, internal motivations—such as employees' self-efficacy and self-satisfaction—increase the intention to share knowledge among employees, thereby enhancing their motivation to transfer knowledge and experiences to colleagues. When employees intend to share knowledge online out of intrinsic satisfaction and personal interest, their motivation to acquire knowledge also increases. When employees at Kashi Eram Ardakan voluntarily choose to share knowledge online, they can effectively transfer their experiences and knowledge to others, resulting in increased knowledge donation.<strong>Objective: </strong>The importance of knowledge sharing within an organization cannot be overstated. However, without motivation, it is challenging to expect knowledge sharing behavior. In the era of knowledge-based economy, knowledge has become a critical asset for companies. The significance of knowledge sharing among employees is well documented. It not only enhances organizational performance but also positively impacts cooperation among employees, decision-making efficiency, creativity, and innovation. These factors are essential for an organization to excel, especially in today’s competitive business environment. Successfully motivating employees to share knowledge can help an organization increase and sustain its competitive advantage. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the roles of motivation and organizational culture in influencing the intention to share knowledge.
<strong>Methodology: </strong>This study is a form of applied research in terms of its purpose. Methodologically, it falls under descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population consists of 220 employees from Eram Ardakan Tile Company. Using Cochran's formula, a sample size of 140 individuals was determined. The questionnaire was designed electronically on the Pressline website, and its link was distributed to employees via social networks and work-related groups within these platforms. Since the research variables could not be examined across the entire organization or linked to a specific subgroup, a simple random sampling method was employed. After distributing the questionnaire, 127 completed responses were received and used for analysis. The data collection instruments included standardized questionnaires measuring extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, and intention to share knowledge (Lin, 2007); knowledge donation and collection (Ven Denhof & Van Veenen, 2004); and organizational culture (Denison, 2000; Fay and Denison, 2003). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 22 and PLS software version 3 are used to process the statistical data related to the questionnaire.
<strong>Findings: </strong>Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling in PLS software. A bootstrapping test was conducted to examine the mediator effects, and the model fit was assessed. The findings indicate that intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on the intention to share knowledge online (T > 1.96). Additionally, the intention to share knowledge online has a positive and significant effect on knowledge donation and collection (T > 1.96). The moderating role of extrinsic motivation on the relationship between intrinsic motivation and the intention to share knowledge was not significant (T < 1.96). Furthermore, organizational culture positively moderates the relationship between intrinsic motivation and the intention to share knowledge. Finally, the mediating role of knowledge sharing intention in the relationship between intrinsic motivation and knowledge donation and collection was confirmed (T > 1.96).
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Without motivation, it is difficult to expect employees to engage in online knowledge-sharing behavior. To encourage participation, organizations must understand what motivates their employees. In other words, when sharing knowledge leads to personal satisfaction, the intention to share knowledge online is strengthened. At Kashi Eram Ardakan Company, external incentives such as tangible rewards do not negatively affect the relationship between intrinsic motivation and the intention to share knowledge. Because intrinsic motivation is difficult to change, organizations often reinforce their organizational culture to facilitate online knowledge sharing. It appears that at Kashi Eram Company, internal motivations—such as employees' self-efficacy and self-satisfaction—increase the intention to share knowledge among employees, thereby enhancing their motivation to transfer knowledge and experiences to colleagues. When employees intend to share knowledge online out of intrinsic satisfaction and personal interest, their motivation to acquire knowledge also increases. When employees at Kashi Eram Ardakan voluntarily choose to share knowledge online, they can effectively transfer their experiences and knowledge to others, resulting in increased knowledge donation.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3233_6c550b01ca5ebaeed578951f77a2ef39.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320240605Presenting the maturity framework of digital transformation in Iran's insurance industryPresenting the maturity framework of digital transformation in Iran's insurance industry202170289910.22091/stim.2024.10091.2033FAMohammad SadeghAbadehPh.D. Student of Business Administration, Field of Marketing, Kish International Campus, Tehran University،Tehran,Iran0009-0000-4475-972XSeyed AbolGhasemMiraAssistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran,Thran,Iran.0000-0001-7862-4292AyoubMohammadianAssociate Professor, Department of Information Technology Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-8370-9538Journal Article20231114<strong>Purpose</strong>: Given the role and importance of the insurance industry in national economies, this study focuses on designing a digital transformation maturity model for the Iranian insurance sector. Developing a digital maturity model in the insurance industry plays a vital role in the successful implementation of business initiatives and the reduction of uncertainties within this sector by providing a comprehensive guide for strengthening capabilities, setting goals, and replicating successes. Furthermore, although the number of studies on digital transformation and maturity has increased in recent years, limited research has been conducted domestically, particularly within the Iranian insurance industry, on designing digital transformation maturity models. Therefore, this area is considered relatively new.
<strong>Method</strong>: By its nature, the present research is classified as applied—developmental in terms of its objective. In this study, relevant articles on digital transformation and maturity in the insurance industry were first reviewed using a systematic literature review approach. Subsequently, the selected articles were coded using Grounded Theory (three-stage). After labeling the data and coding the concepts, the analysis and classification of these concepts were performed. A systematic review is a method for identifying, evaluating, and understanding all research relevant to a research question or phenomenon of interest.
This study employed a systematic review to summarize existing evidence, identify gaps in current research, and develop a final framework. The review was qualitative, focusing on textual data rather than numerical data typically analyzed in general systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Consistent with the model by Wolfswinkel et al. (2013), five stages were followed: definition (defining research questions, inclusion criteria, and appropriate databases), search (searching identified sources), selection (narrowing down samples), analysis (open, axial, and selective coding), and reporting. To enhance confidence, forward and backward searches were also conducted.
In the backward search, references from the obtained articles were reviewed and added to the selected articles if they were relevant and frequently cited. In the forward search, sources that cited the key articles were identified and examined.
To select the most relevant and significant articles, inclusion and exclusion criteria were established based on the research of Abdelmaboud et al. (2014). Reputable article databases such as Scopus, Springer, and ScienceDirect were utilized, informed by the statistics of literature search engines and experiences reported in previous reviews. Considering publication trends, the search was limited to articles published between 2019 and 2023. In the initial search phase, 101 articles were retrieved; additionally, three articles were identified through backward citation tracking and one through forward citation tracking. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 articles were ultimately selected. Following the selection process, these articles were analyzed to extract the dimensions of digital maturity in the insurance industry. For this purpose, Grounded Theory, a recommended method for the analysis phase (Berthelsen & Frederiksen, 2018), was employed.
<strong>Findings</strong>: The results of open coding led to the identification of 140 concepts, 35 sub-categories, 15 main categories, and 4 dimensions (enablers, facilitators, inhibitors, and outcomes). In the selective coding phase, based on the results of the two previous coding stages, the final model framework or overarching paradigm was presented. Based on this, the final digital maturity model for the Iranian insurance industry was introduced. After identifying the conceptual elements, the results of the coding process were evaluated through an assessment of inter-coder agreement using Cohen's Kappa coefficient. Given that the significance level for the Kappa coefficient was less than 0.05, it was concluded that the coding findings possessed sufficient reliability, and the presented digital transformation maturity model for the Iranian insurance industry is reliable.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Overall, the designed digital maturity model posits that equipping the insurance industry with digital enablers—including governance and leadership, strategy, culture and skills, technology, innovation, and digital resources—is a prerequisite for achieving outcomes such as ecosystem business, process improvements, digital customer experience, and digital organizational experience. Furthermore, human capital management, business resources, and the digital ecosystem can act as facilitators in transforming digital enablers into digital outcomes. Conversely, factors such as organizational resistance and transformation barriers can inhibit the transformation process.<strong>Purpose</strong>: Given the role and importance of the insurance industry in national economies, this study focuses on designing a digital transformation maturity model for the Iranian insurance sector. Developing a digital maturity model in the insurance industry plays a vital role in the successful implementation of business initiatives and the reduction of uncertainties within this sector by providing a comprehensive guide for strengthening capabilities, setting goals, and replicating successes. Furthermore, although the number of studies on digital transformation and maturity has increased in recent years, limited research has been conducted domestically, particularly within the Iranian insurance industry, on designing digital transformation maturity models. Therefore, this area is considered relatively new.
<strong>Method</strong>: By its nature, the present research is classified as applied—developmental in terms of its objective. In this study, relevant articles on digital transformation and maturity in the insurance industry were first reviewed using a systematic literature review approach. Subsequently, the selected articles were coded using Grounded Theory (three-stage). After labeling the data and coding the concepts, the analysis and classification of these concepts were performed. A systematic review is a method for identifying, evaluating, and understanding all research relevant to a research question or phenomenon of interest.
This study employed a systematic review to summarize existing evidence, identify gaps in current research, and develop a final framework. The review was qualitative, focusing on textual data rather than numerical data typically analyzed in general systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Consistent with the model by Wolfswinkel et al. (2013), five stages were followed: definition (defining research questions, inclusion criteria, and appropriate databases), search (searching identified sources), selection (narrowing down samples), analysis (open, axial, and selective coding), and reporting. To enhance confidence, forward and backward searches were also conducted.
In the backward search, references from the obtained articles were reviewed and added to the selected articles if they were relevant and frequently cited. In the forward search, sources that cited the key articles were identified and examined.
To select the most relevant and significant articles, inclusion and exclusion criteria were established based on the research of Abdelmaboud et al. (2014). Reputable article databases such as Scopus, Springer, and ScienceDirect were utilized, informed by the statistics of literature search engines and experiences reported in previous reviews. Considering publication trends, the search was limited to articles published between 2019 and 2023. In the initial search phase, 101 articles were retrieved; additionally, three articles were identified through backward citation tracking and one through forward citation tracking. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 articles were ultimately selected. Following the selection process, these articles were analyzed to extract the dimensions of digital maturity in the insurance industry. For this purpose, Grounded Theory, a recommended method for the analysis phase (Berthelsen & Frederiksen, 2018), was employed.
<strong>Findings</strong>: The results of open coding led to the identification of 140 concepts, 35 sub-categories, 15 main categories, and 4 dimensions (enablers, facilitators, inhibitors, and outcomes). In the selective coding phase, based on the results of the two previous coding stages, the final model framework or overarching paradigm was presented. Based on this, the final digital maturity model for the Iranian insurance industry was introduced. After identifying the conceptual elements, the results of the coding process were evaluated through an assessment of inter-coder agreement using Cohen's Kappa coefficient. Given that the significance level for the Kappa coefficient was less than 0.05, it was concluded that the coding findings possessed sufficient reliability, and the presented digital transformation maturity model for the Iranian insurance industry is reliable.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Overall, the designed digital maturity model posits that equipping the insurance industry with digital enablers—including governance and leadership, strategy, culture and skills, technology, innovation, and digital resources—is a prerequisite for achieving outcomes such as ecosystem business, process improvements, digital customer experience, and digital organizational experience. Furthermore, human capital management, business resources, and the digital ecosystem can act as facilitators in transforming digital enablers into digital outcomes. Conversely, factors such as organizational resistance and transformation barriers can inhibit the transformation process.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_2899_ebe45fcb6c61f1c670546b9bdfba8391.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Investigating the role of information processing style in students' academic burnout through the mediation of achievement goals of Islamic Azad University students, Qom branchInvestigating the role of information processing style in students' academic burnout through the mediation of achievement goals of Islamic Azad University students, Qom branch236203292110.22091/stim.2024.10392.2065FAFatemeMolaviPhD student, Department of Educational Psychology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran0009-0004-3582-5413AbasHabibzadeAssociate Professor of Psychology, Department of Educational Psychology, Qom University, Qom, Iran0000-0002-6589-0708MajidZargham HajebiAssociate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tolouemehr University, Qom, Iran0000-0002-7975-0845Journal Article20240210<strong>Objective</strong>: This study aimed to examine the role of information processing styles in academic burnout among students, with achievement goals serving as a mediating factor. The research was conducted with students from the Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: This study was applied in purpose and employed a correlational design based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population comprised all psychology and educational sciences students enrolled at Islamic Azad University, Qom branch, during the 2020–2021 academic year. A total of 440 students were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Rational–Experiential Inventory (REI; Pacini & Epstein, 1999) to measure information processing style, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI; Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1996), and the Achievement Goal Questionnaire (AGQ; Midgley, Kaplan, & Middleton, 2001). The validity of the questionnaires was established using content validity and construct validity methods, specifically confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was assessed and confirmed through Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability coefficients. The academic burnout questionnaire demonstrated validity and reliability with a fit index of RMSEA = 0.07 (< 0.08), a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89, and a composite reliability of 0.91. For the achievement goals questionnaire, the fit index was RMSEA = 0.06 (< 0.08), with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.79 and composite reliability of 0.72. Data analysis was conducted at two levels: descriptive and inferential (structural equation modeling). This analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0 and LISREL 8.8 software.
<strong>Findings</strong>: The results indicated significant positive causal relationships between rational processing style and mastery goals (β = 0.65), as well as between rational processing style and approach goals (β = 0.14). There was a positive and significant causal relationship between experimental processing style and avoidance goals (β = 0.29), as well as between avoidance goals and academic outcomes. The processing style and approach goals showed no significant relationship (β = 0). Burnout was positively associated with a coefficient of β = 0.15. Significant negative relationships were found between rational processing style and avoidance goals (β = -0.14), mastery goals and academic burnout (β = -0.87), and approach goals and academic burnout (β = -0.19). Additionally, a significant positive relationship was observed between experimental processing style and mastery goals (β = 0.09). The largest effect sizes were noted for the relationship between rational processing style and mastery goals, as well as between mastery goals and academic burnout, mediated by achievement goals.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: The research findings suggest that students with a rational processing style are more likely to adopt mastery-oriented achievement goals and are less prone to academic burnout. Therefore, policymakers and university administrators are advised to provide training programs for instructors and students aimed at promoting rational information-processing styles. Additionally, creating supportive educational environments that encourage mastery-oriented achievement goals can play a significant role in reducing academic burnout.<strong>Objective</strong>: This study aimed to examine the role of information processing styles in academic burnout among students, with achievement goals serving as a mediating factor. The research was conducted with students from the Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: This study was applied in purpose and employed a correlational design based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population comprised all psychology and educational sciences students enrolled at Islamic Azad University, Qom branch, during the 2020–2021 academic year. A total of 440 students were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Rational–Experiential Inventory (REI; Pacini & Epstein, 1999) to measure information processing style, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI; Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1996), and the Achievement Goal Questionnaire (AGQ; Midgley, Kaplan, & Middleton, 2001). The validity of the questionnaires was established using content validity and construct validity methods, specifically confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was assessed and confirmed through Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability coefficients. The academic burnout questionnaire demonstrated validity and reliability with a fit index of RMSEA = 0.07 (< 0.08), a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89, and a composite reliability of 0.91. For the achievement goals questionnaire, the fit index was RMSEA = 0.06 (< 0.08), with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.79 and composite reliability of 0.72. Data analysis was conducted at two levels: descriptive and inferential (structural equation modeling). This analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0 and LISREL 8.8 software.
<strong>Findings</strong>: The results indicated significant positive causal relationships between rational processing style and mastery goals (β = 0.65), as well as between rational processing style and approach goals (β = 0.14). There was a positive and significant causal relationship between experimental processing style and avoidance goals (β = 0.29), as well as between avoidance goals and academic outcomes. The processing style and approach goals showed no significant relationship (β = 0). Burnout was positively associated with a coefficient of β = 0.15. Significant negative relationships were found between rational processing style and avoidance goals (β = -0.14), mastery goals and academic burnout (β = -0.87), and approach goals and academic burnout (β = -0.19). Additionally, a significant positive relationship was observed between experimental processing style and mastery goals (β = 0.09). The largest effect sizes were noted for the relationship between rational processing style and mastery goals, as well as between mastery goals and academic burnout, mediated by achievement goals.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: The research findings suggest that students with a rational processing style are more likely to adopt mastery-oriented achievement goals and are less prone to academic burnout. Therefore, policymakers and university administrators are advised to provide training programs for instructors and students aimed at promoting rational information-processing styles. Additionally, creating supportive educational environments that encourage mastery-oriented achievement goals can play a significant role in reducing academic burnout.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_2921_5378541951c4f493098a05398f8ab1ed.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923The effect of negative rumors in the workplace on knowledge concealment: the mediating role of task orientation and psychological entitlementThe effect of negative rumors in the workplace on knowledge concealment: the mediating role of task orientation and psychological entitlement262237317210.22091/stim.2024.11215.2150FAAbbasGhaedamini HarouniPhD in Cultural Management, , Visiting professor University of Applied Science and Technology of Farsan Center, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran0000-0003-4004-3569MehsanHemtizadehBachelor's student, cultural management, Comprehensive University of Applied Sciences, Artistic culture of Drijeno Center, Farrukhshahr, Iran0000-0003-4004-3569Journal Article20240819<strong><span style="background: white;">Purpose:</span></strong><span style="background: white;"> The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of negative gossip in the workplace on knowledge hiding, considering the roles of task orientation and psychological entitlement.</span>
<strong><span style="background: white;">Method</span></strong><span style="background: white;">: The statistical population of this study comprised all employees of the universities in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, totaling 2,255 individuals. Based on the population size of each region, a sample of 600 participants was selected using Cochran's formula. The sample was drawn through stratified sampling proportional to the size of each region. The research instruments included the Han and Doug (2018) Negative Gossip in the Workplace Questionnaire, the Knowledge Hiding Questionnaire, the Task Orientation Questionnaire, and the Psychological Entitlement Questionnaire. The validity of these instruments was confirmed, and their reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha, yielding coefficients of 0.88, 0.88, 0.82, and 0.82, respectively. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling.</span>
<strong><span style="background: white;">Findings</span></strong><span style="background: white;">: The research results indicated that negative gossip in the work environment has a positive effect on knowledge hiding, with a coefficient of 0.77. The lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for task orientation, which serves as a mediating variable between negative gossip in the work environment and knowledge hiding behaviors, is 0.0885, and the upper limit is 0.0110. The number of bootstrap resamples used was 5,000. Since zero is not within this confidence interval, the mediating relationship is significant. Therefore, task orientation acts as a mediator in the relationship between negative gossip in the workplace and knowledge hiding behaviors. Similarly, the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for psychological entitlement, another mediating variable between negative gossip and knowledge hiding behaviors, is 0.0755, and the upper limit is 0.0101. With 5,000 bootstrap resamples, zero is also outside this interval, indicating that psychological entitlement is a significant mediator. Thus, psychological entitlement also mediates the relationship between negative gossip in the workplace and knowledge hiding behaviors.</span>
<strong><span style="background: white;">Conclusion</span></strong><span style="background: white;">: The presence of negative gossip in the workplace violates the privacy of its targets and causes them to feel rejected by other members of the organization (Yi et al., 2019). This negative behavior diminishes employees' sense of duty toward the organization, which in turn leads to knowledge hiding at work.</span><strong><span style="background: white;">Purpose:</span></strong><span style="background: white;"> The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of negative gossip in the workplace on knowledge hiding, considering the roles of task orientation and psychological entitlement.</span>
<strong><span style="background: white;">Method</span></strong><span style="background: white;">: The statistical population of this study comprised all employees of the universities in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, totaling 2,255 individuals. Based on the population size of each region, a sample of 600 participants was selected using Cochran's formula. The sample was drawn through stratified sampling proportional to the size of each region. The research instruments included the Han and Doug (2018) Negative Gossip in the Workplace Questionnaire, the Knowledge Hiding Questionnaire, the Task Orientation Questionnaire, and the Psychological Entitlement Questionnaire. The validity of these instruments was confirmed, and their reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha, yielding coefficients of 0.88, 0.88, 0.82, and 0.82, respectively. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling.</span>
<strong><span style="background: white;">Findings</span></strong><span style="background: white;">: The research results indicated that negative gossip in the work environment has a positive effect on knowledge hiding, with a coefficient of 0.77. The lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for task orientation, which serves as a mediating variable between negative gossip in the work environment and knowledge hiding behaviors, is 0.0885, and the upper limit is 0.0110. The number of bootstrap resamples used was 5,000. Since zero is not within this confidence interval, the mediating relationship is significant. Therefore, task orientation acts as a mediator in the relationship between negative gossip in the workplace and knowledge hiding behaviors. Similarly, the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for psychological entitlement, another mediating variable between negative gossip and knowledge hiding behaviors, is 0.0755, and the upper limit is 0.0101. With 5,000 bootstrap resamples, zero is also outside this interval, indicating that psychological entitlement is a significant mediator. Thus, psychological entitlement also mediates the relationship between negative gossip in the workplace and knowledge hiding behaviors.</span>
<strong><span style="background: white;">Conclusion</span></strong><span style="background: white;">: The presence of negative gossip in the workplace violates the privacy of its targets and causes them to feel rejected by other members of the organization (Yi et al., 2019). This negative behavior diminishes employees' sense of duty toward the organization, which in turn leads to knowledge hiding at work.</span>https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3172_f501943cb3ac6be3f2810236367ab3d6.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923The role of information technology in implementing knowledge management
In the field of public transportation in TehranThe role of information technology in implementing knowledge management
In the field of public transportation in Tehran283263420010.22091/stim.2022.7645.1697FAFariborzDoroudiAssistant Professor; Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc);
Tehran, Iran0000-0003-0386-5301فهیمهباب الحوائجیAssociate Professor, Department of Communication and Science, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0247-6614ArezooMohammadi KiaAssociate Professor, Department of Communication and Science, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20211204<strong>Purpos:</strong> The purpose of this study is to examine the role of information technology in implementing knowledge management at the Tehran Bus Company.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: The present study is functional and descriptive in nature, with data collected through a survey. The population included all staff involved in the praise and support systems of Tehran Bus Company, totaling 1,200 individuals. The sampling method used was random sampling, and according to Morgan's table, 291 participants were selected. At the descriptive level, one-dimensional tables and dispersion and centrality indices were used in examining the data in proportion to the scale of the variables. At the second level, based on assumptions and variable components, inferential statistics and structural equation modeling were employed for analysis.
<strong>Findings</strong>: The results indicate a significant relationship between the deployment level of information technology and knowledge management. Specifically, there is a notable correlation between information systems and knowledge management, business processes and knowledge management, the management of information technology and knowledge management, as well as between information systems and components of the knowledge management process, including the gathering and organization of information.
<strong>Results</strong>: To eliminate the knowledge gap, it is necessary to formulate a codified knowledge management policy that encompasses the collection, organization, dissemination, refinement, and exploitation of knowledge. This includes creating a knowledge base, leveraging the expertise of the organization's specialists, planning the implementation of knowledge management strategies, and strengthening the structural capacity for knowledge management.<strong>Purpos:</strong> The purpose of this study is to examine the role of information technology in implementing knowledge management at the Tehran Bus Company.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: The present study is functional and descriptive in nature, with data collected through a survey. The population included all staff involved in the praise and support systems of Tehran Bus Company, totaling 1,200 individuals. The sampling method used was random sampling, and according to Morgan's table, 291 participants were selected. At the descriptive level, one-dimensional tables and dispersion and centrality indices were used in examining the data in proportion to the scale of the variables. At the second level, based on assumptions and variable components, inferential statistics and structural equation modeling were employed for analysis.
<strong>Findings</strong>: The results indicate a significant relationship between the deployment level of information technology and knowledge management. Specifically, there is a notable correlation between information systems and knowledge management, business processes and knowledge management, the management of information technology and knowledge management, as well as between information systems and components of the knowledge management process, including the gathering and organization of information.
<strong>Results</strong>: To eliminate the knowledge gap, it is necessary to formulate a codified knowledge management policy that encompasses the collection, organization, dissemination, refinement, and exploitation of knowledge. This includes creating a knowledge base, leveraging the expertise of the organization's specialists, planning the implementation of knowledge management strategies, and strengthening the structural capacity for knowledge management.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_4200_44795fa91f1c1ba9c9faac02ddd1d2b2.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Developing a Framework for Curriculum Reform in the Undergraduate Program of Information Science and Knowledge Studies and Presenting a Proposed PlanDeveloping a Framework for Curriculum Reform in the Undergraduate Program of Information Science and Knowledge Studies and Presenting a Proposed Plan316284335110.22091/stim.2025.10975.2121FAGholamrezaHeidariAssociate Professor of Knowledge and Information Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.0000-0003-2991-0713Journal Article20240707<strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for transforming the undergraduate curriculum in Information Science and Knowledge Studies and to design a proposed curriculum for this field. To achieve this objective, a critical examination of existing curricula is required. Key questions include: How can past and current programs be reconsidered and revised? How can an effective and coherent new curriculum be designed and developed? To address these questions, it is necessary to assess the current state of educational programs, identify the criticisms directed at them, determine the most significant critiques, categorize and organize these critiques, analyze the dimensions and details of each, and finally, outline the main principles, criteria, and indicators for rethinking and revising the curriculum based on this categorization.
<strong>Method</strong>: This study employs a library-based research approach grounded in the critique and analysis of texts and perspectives, complemented by creative insights informed by philosophical inquiry and in-depth studies in education and curriculum development.
<strong>Findings</strong>: First, through a precise and comprehensive formulation of the problem, the major challenges and questions in this domain were systematically categorized and clearly articulated. The next step involved critically examining the current curricula and identifying the major axes of critique and their details. Subsequently, a network of frequently used terms in the everyday discourse of academic stakeholders was outlined, reflecting key concepts about the efficient and future-oriented educational programs needed today. These frequent terms help clarify the prevailing discourse and its implications for educational courses. Then, in relation to the major axes of critique and the lexical network and dominant discourse, the criteria and indicators for curriculum transformation were identified and classified. Accordingly, general, foundational, and specialized courses were reviewed, critiqued, and rethought based on the criteria shaping the path of transformation. Proposed courses for foundational, general, compulsory, specialized, elective, and even technological and entrepreneurial tracks—which are essentially extensions of the compulsory and elective courses—were identified and presented. Finally, through the analysis and refinement of the various specialized courses and their internal processes, strategies for enhancing the effectiveness of each course in alignment with the criteria were offered.
The paper’s final recommendation is to implement an extensive and in-depth research project to complete and realize the proposed curriculum for undergraduate education in Information Science and Knowledge Studies.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Any decision-making concerning the curriculum of Information Science and Knowledge Studies is complex and specialized, necessitating a systematic and methodical approach. Therefore, it is essential to draw fully on the expertise of scholars who have conducted specialized research in the foundations of education and curriculum design. This paper has provided examples of how various dimensions of the undergraduate curriculum in this field can be analyzed and systematically expanded or refined. Extending these efforts and conducting more in-depth work on each component will require further study and research. For example, when considering specific courses and expanding discussions on various sections of current undergraduate programs, many issues cannot be fully addressed within the scope of a single article and require broader platforms. Such a platform could be developed through a large-scale research project. Additionally, due to space constraints, numerous points concerning the criteria, indicators, and their implications are not included here. For instance, adding courses on educational program analysis and futures studies into the foundational and specialized components can be justified based on the discipline’s five-dimensional framework (identity, education, research, entrepreneurship, and future). Similarly, the alignment and overlap among initial course critiques, the criteria and indicators, the main axes of final analysis, and the challenge of enhancing course effectiveness remain areas requiring further reflection and attention from researchers.<strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for transforming the undergraduate curriculum in Information Science and Knowledge Studies and to design a proposed curriculum for this field. To achieve this objective, a critical examination of existing curricula is required. Key questions include: How can past and current programs be reconsidered and revised? How can an effective and coherent new curriculum be designed and developed? To address these questions, it is necessary to assess the current state of educational programs, identify the criticisms directed at them, determine the most significant critiques, categorize and organize these critiques, analyze the dimensions and details of each, and finally, outline the main principles, criteria, and indicators for rethinking and revising the curriculum based on this categorization.
<strong>Method</strong>: This study employs a library-based research approach grounded in the critique and analysis of texts and perspectives, complemented by creative insights informed by philosophical inquiry and in-depth studies in education and curriculum development.
<strong>Findings</strong>: First, through a precise and comprehensive formulation of the problem, the major challenges and questions in this domain were systematically categorized and clearly articulated. The next step involved critically examining the current curricula and identifying the major axes of critique and their details. Subsequently, a network of frequently used terms in the everyday discourse of academic stakeholders was outlined, reflecting key concepts about the efficient and future-oriented educational programs needed today. These frequent terms help clarify the prevailing discourse and its implications for educational courses. Then, in relation to the major axes of critique and the lexical network and dominant discourse, the criteria and indicators for curriculum transformation were identified and classified. Accordingly, general, foundational, and specialized courses were reviewed, critiqued, and rethought based on the criteria shaping the path of transformation. Proposed courses for foundational, general, compulsory, specialized, elective, and even technological and entrepreneurial tracks—which are essentially extensions of the compulsory and elective courses—were identified and presented. Finally, through the analysis and refinement of the various specialized courses and their internal processes, strategies for enhancing the effectiveness of each course in alignment with the criteria were offered.
The paper’s final recommendation is to implement an extensive and in-depth research project to complete and realize the proposed curriculum for undergraduate education in Information Science and Knowledge Studies.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Any decision-making concerning the curriculum of Information Science and Knowledge Studies is complex and specialized, necessitating a systematic and methodical approach. Therefore, it is essential to draw fully on the expertise of scholars who have conducted specialized research in the foundations of education and curriculum design. This paper has provided examples of how various dimensions of the undergraduate curriculum in this field can be analyzed and systematically expanded or refined. Extending these efforts and conducting more in-depth work on each component will require further study and research. For example, when considering specific courses and expanding discussions on various sections of current undergraduate programs, many issues cannot be fully addressed within the scope of a single article and require broader platforms. Such a platform could be developed through a large-scale research project. Additionally, due to space constraints, numerous points concerning the criteria, indicators, and their implications are not included here. For instance, adding courses on educational program analysis and futures studies into the foundational and specialized components can be justified based on the discipline’s five-dimensional framework (identity, education, research, entrepreneurship, and future). Similarly, the alignment and overlap among initial course critiques, the criteria and indicators, the main axes of final analysis, and the challenge of enhancing course effectiveness remain areas requiring further reflection and attention from researchers.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3351_fc00e05339c83f7406110fa2b24badd2.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Automatic classification of information in Western music and Iranian Traditional Music: A comparative and literature-based analysisAutomatic classification of information in Western music and Iranian Traditional Music: A comparative and literature-based analysis352317301710.22091/stim.2024.10737.2098FAAmirVafaeianBA in Iranian Music Composition and PhD in Information Science and Knowledge Studies, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-5053-3564HamidKeshavarzDepartment of Information Science and Knowledge Studies, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-5589-238XAliSalampoorMA in Classical Music Performance, University of Tehran, Iran0000-0002-3821-6099BradyLundDepartment of Information Science, University of North Texas, Texas, US.0000-0002-4819-8162HamidrezaSaeidniaDepartment of Knowledge and Information Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-5430-2416YaghoubNorouziProfessor,
Department of Knowledge and Information science,
University of&nbsp;Qom, Qom, Iran;0000-0003-3030-7647Journal Article20240511<strong>Purpose:</strong> The present article aims to analyze research conducted in the field of automatic music classification, distinguishing the major research patterns in Iranian traditional and Western music classification comparatively for the first time.
<strong>Method</strong>: A literature review was conducted on Western and Iranian traditional music. To locate all relevant publications and documents, appropriate English and Persian keywords were used to search leading Iranian databases such as Noormags, Magiran, Irandoc, Elamjoo, and university library OPACs. English keywords were also applied in global citation databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Relevant terms were identified by referencing various texts on Western, Asian, and Iranian music, as well as sources related to automatic detection.
<strong>Findings</strong>: The results showed that the methods used in each of the three main stages of detection<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: 'B Mitra';">-</span>including pre-processing, audio feature extraction, and recognition<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: 'B Mitra';">-</span>differ between Western and Iranian traditional music due to the different attributes and nature of each music genre.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: This study can aid in the development of algorithms and methods for automatic music identification, contributing new knowledge to the field of music and technology by providing a comprehensive and comparative analysis of scientific works in the field of Automatic Music Classification. Additionally, selecting a method suitable for Iranian traditional music<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: 'B Mitra';">-</span>which ultimately would lead to the automatic detection of melody models and keys<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: 'B Mitra';">-</span>requires a comprehensive and accurate knowledge of the components of this music genre, which is now neglected in related research. The findings of this study can be valuable to researchers, artists, and music enthusiasts, enhancing our understanding of music as an art form.<strong>Purpose:</strong> The present article aims to analyze research conducted in the field of automatic music classification, distinguishing the major research patterns in Iranian traditional and Western music classification comparatively for the first time.
<strong>Method</strong>: A literature review was conducted on Western and Iranian traditional music. To locate all relevant publications and documents, appropriate English and Persian keywords were used to search leading Iranian databases such as Noormags, Magiran, Irandoc, Elamjoo, and university library OPACs. English keywords were also applied in global citation databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Relevant terms were identified by referencing various texts on Western, Asian, and Iranian music, as well as sources related to automatic detection.
<strong>Findings</strong>: The results showed that the methods used in each of the three main stages of detection<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: 'B Mitra';">-</span>including pre-processing, audio feature extraction, and recognition<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: 'B Mitra';">-</span>differ between Western and Iranian traditional music due to the different attributes and nature of each music genre.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: This study can aid in the development of algorithms and methods for automatic music identification, contributing new knowledge to the field of music and technology by providing a comprehensive and comparative analysis of scientific works in the field of Automatic Music Classification. Additionally, selecting a method suitable for Iranian traditional music<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: 'B Mitra';">-</span>which ultimately would lead to the automatic detection of melody models and keys<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: 'B Mitra';">-</span>requires a comprehensive and accurate knowledge of the components of this music genre, which is now neglected in related research. The findings of this study can be valuable to researchers, artists, and music enthusiasts, enhancing our understanding of music as an art form.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3017_22efd450054657aed78db8f2ed594cda.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Presenting a green supply chain deployment model focusing on the new technologies of the fourth industrial revolutionPresenting a green supply chain deployment model focusing on the new technologies of the fourth industrial revolution371353303610.22091/stim.2024.10539.2080FASeyed MehdiSadr BafghiPh.D. Student Ph.D. Azad University- Branch of Sciences and Research, Tehran, IRAN0000-0003-2759-4606Gholam HassanShirdelDepartments of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, IRAN.0000-0003-2759-4606AbbasKhamsehDepartment of Industrial Management, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.0000-0002-1263-919XJournal Article20240318<strong>Purpose:</strong> The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, is currently a rapidly growing research topic (Chen et al., 2014). The technologies involved in Industry 4.0 transform analog and centralized workflows into digital and decentralized production processes, creating a structural change throughout entire production systems. These advancing technologies have a significant potential to greatly enhance production efficiency. For example, according to a McKinsey report, transitioning from conventional manufacturing to automated Manufacturing 4.0 can improve productivity by 45 to 55 percent. Industry 4.0 benefits the manufacturing sector in three key ways: vertical integration, horizontal integration, and end-to-end engineering (Liao et al., 2017). The issue of environmental protection and maintenance has been one of the most significant challenges in recent decades. Nearly all industries have acknowledged the importance of safeguarding the environment. Most manufacturing organizations strive to minimize waste generated during production and dispose of waste materials in an environmentally degradable manner (Charafi et al., 2017). Undoubtedly, the environmental impact of production organizations has raised considerable concern, ultimately prompting increased focus on sustainable practices that address environmental, economic, and social needs (Hossein et al., 2018). In fact, all organizations are required to strive for compatibility in their performance across economic, social, and environmental dimensions (Ziyad et al., 2018). This study aims to analyze the relationship between new digital technologies and their role in enhancing performance or mitigating the challenges associated with implementing green supply chain management.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> In terms of the implementation method, the current study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Questionnaires are distributed and collected to examine and analyze the data, enabling the interpretation of findings related to each research question. The statistical population of this study consists of two groups. The first part consists of experts familiar with the concepts of green supply chains and the new technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Since the modeling approach used in this research is prescriptive due to the lack of successful examples, the community involved in the qualitative phase includes experts and specialists related to the research topic, who will be selected in accordance with Awa’s guidelines while consulting relevant references.
The participants in the qualitative phase of this research were selected from university faculty members and steel industry experts. To develop the final model for establishing a green supply chain with a focus on the new technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, initial codes were extracted through interviews with experts in this field. These codes were then analyzed using thematic analysis in three stages: primary coding, sub-theme identification, and main theme development. During the main theme stage, the process involved linking categories with their sub-categories, as well as connecting categories at the levels of features and dimensions.
<strong>Finding and Results:</strong> This model includes 12 main themes: human resources, economic factors, social factors, strategic company activities, intra-organizational benefits, types of external pressures, the role of organizational interaction, product recycling, supplier management, quality index, technology index, and environmental index. It also includes 36 sub-themes, such as empowerment and teamwork, human resource development, employee participation, green human resource management, financial indices, resource investment, social responsibility, human capital development, consumer behavior, cooperation, strategic characteristics, environmental indicators, performance evaluation systems, innovation, reputation enhancement, improved productivity, cost savings, environmental laws, global competitive markets, government regulations, intra-organizational interactions, inter-organizational partnerships and communication, models of inter-organizational cooperation, pricing strategies and collection of used products, life cycle management, waste management based on the Internet of Things, closed-loop supply chains, product recycling infrastructure, characteristics of recyclable products, sustainability, transparency in performance, use of by-products, wide visibility, and green supplier selection.
Economic factors and various external pressures are exogenous and independent variables; they are external to the system and influence other variables without being affected themselves. The intra-organizational benefits variable is a dependent variable, as it is influenced solely by other variables. Mediated relationships were also identified among some variables. The results within the main themes indicated that the product is the most important theme, followed by supplier management, product recycling, intra-organizational benefits, and the environmental index<strong>Purpose:</strong> The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, is currently a rapidly growing research topic (Chen et al., 2014). The technologies involved in Industry 4.0 transform analog and centralized workflows into digital and decentralized production processes, creating a structural change throughout entire production systems. These advancing technologies have a significant potential to greatly enhance production efficiency. For example, according to a McKinsey report, transitioning from conventional manufacturing to automated Manufacturing 4.0 can improve productivity by 45 to 55 percent. Industry 4.0 benefits the manufacturing sector in three key ways: vertical integration, horizontal integration, and end-to-end engineering (Liao et al., 2017). The issue of environmental protection and maintenance has been one of the most significant challenges in recent decades. Nearly all industries have acknowledged the importance of safeguarding the environment. Most manufacturing organizations strive to minimize waste generated during production and dispose of waste materials in an environmentally degradable manner (Charafi et al., 2017). Undoubtedly, the environmental impact of production organizations has raised considerable concern, ultimately prompting increased focus on sustainable practices that address environmental, economic, and social needs (Hossein et al., 2018). In fact, all organizations are required to strive for compatibility in their performance across economic, social, and environmental dimensions (Ziyad et al., 2018). This study aims to analyze the relationship between new digital technologies and their role in enhancing performance or mitigating the challenges associated with implementing green supply chain management.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> In terms of the implementation method, the current study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Questionnaires are distributed and collected to examine and analyze the data, enabling the interpretation of findings related to each research question. The statistical population of this study consists of two groups. The first part consists of experts familiar with the concepts of green supply chains and the new technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Since the modeling approach used in this research is prescriptive due to the lack of successful examples, the community involved in the qualitative phase includes experts and specialists related to the research topic, who will be selected in accordance with Awa’s guidelines while consulting relevant references.
The participants in the qualitative phase of this research were selected from university faculty members and steel industry experts. To develop the final model for establishing a green supply chain with a focus on the new technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, initial codes were extracted through interviews with experts in this field. These codes were then analyzed using thematic analysis in three stages: primary coding, sub-theme identification, and main theme development. During the main theme stage, the process involved linking categories with their sub-categories, as well as connecting categories at the levels of features and dimensions.
<strong>Finding and Results:</strong> This model includes 12 main themes: human resources, economic factors, social factors, strategic company activities, intra-organizational benefits, types of external pressures, the role of organizational interaction, product recycling, supplier management, quality index, technology index, and environmental index. It also includes 36 sub-themes, such as empowerment and teamwork, human resource development, employee participation, green human resource management, financial indices, resource investment, social responsibility, human capital development, consumer behavior, cooperation, strategic characteristics, environmental indicators, performance evaluation systems, innovation, reputation enhancement, improved productivity, cost savings, environmental laws, global competitive markets, government regulations, intra-organizational interactions, inter-organizational partnerships and communication, models of inter-organizational cooperation, pricing strategies and collection of used products, life cycle management, waste management based on the Internet of Things, closed-loop supply chains, product recycling infrastructure, characteristics of recyclable products, sustainability, transparency in performance, use of by-products, wide visibility, and green supplier selection.
Economic factors and various external pressures are exogenous and independent variables; they are external to the system and influence other variables without being affected themselves. The intra-organizational benefits variable is a dependent variable, as it is influenced solely by other variables. Mediated relationships were also identified among some variables. The results within the main themes indicated that the product is the most important theme, followed by supplier management, product recycling, intra-organizational benefits, and the environmental indexhttps://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3036_e1ae81f53e95c507f9b41a3e14caea26.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Identification factors on the establishment of knowledge management in the university in order to provide a paradigmatic model (Study case: Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz)Identification factors on the establishment of knowledge management in the university in order to provide a paradigmatic model (Study case: Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz)409372313210.22091/stim.2024.11627.2182FAZeinabMohammadiDepartment of of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran0000-0003-3082-7693ShahnazKhademizadehAssociate Professor, Department of Information Science and Knowledge, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.0000-0003-4494-7709MansoorKoohi RostamiAssistant Professor. Information Science & Knowledge, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.0000-0002-1351-6052YadolahMehralizadehProfessor, Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,
Ahvaz, Iran0000-0002-0451-2455Journal Article20241111<strong>Objective: </strong>To successfully implement and utilize knowledge management at the university, it is essential to design and adopt a localized model that aligns with the institution's structure, culture, goals, and vision. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the factors influencing the establishment of knowledge management at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, with the aim of developing a conceptual model.
<strong>Method</strong>: This research is applied and qualitative, based on the grounded theory method. The statistical population of the study included all staff managers at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who had at least three years of executive experience. Purposeful sampling was employed in this research. In this sampling method, the number of participants cannot be predetermined, as the goal is to fully explore the phenomenon under study. Therefore, interviews continued until data saturation was reached—that is, when responses became repetitive and no new information emerged. Consequently, interviews were conducted until repeated answers were obtained and no new findings were identified, indicating saturation had been achieved. That is, until new data related to the category appeared, the expansion of the category was considered sufficient, and the relationships between the categories were established and confirmed. The number of samples selected using purposive sampling included 21 people. The research tool was a semi-structured interview. In addition to three years of executive experience, the selection criteria for the interviewees included expertise and interest in participating in the research. To ensure the validity of the data, the concepts of reliability and transferability were employed. Additionally, to guarantee the reliability of the data, verifiability was emphasized. In this research, to ensure verifiability, all documents related to the research data, as well as the inferences, interpretations, and findings, were systematically recorded from the very beginning of the study. The extracted concepts and categories, along with the findings, were communicated to the interviewees, whose corrective comments were incorporated. After applying these corrections, the items were approved by experts and reviewed by colleagues, who checked the findings and provided feedback. The components extracted during several stages by supervisors and advisors were also utilized. Interviews were coded in three stages—open coding, axial coding, and selective coding—using MAXQDA software. To ensure data validity, the criteria of validity, transferability, reliability, and confirmability were applied.
<strong>Findings: </strong>The qualitative findings revealed that the paradigmatic model for establishing knowledge management at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz comprises five dimensions: causal conditions, intervening conditions, contextual conditions, strategies, and outcomes.
The primary phenomenon identified was the establishment of knowledge management at the university. Causal conditions included leadership and management, financial resources, and human resources. Intervening conditions comprised international sanctions, resistance to change, low awareness of the nature of knowledge, and the university's political and environmental circumstances. Contextual conditions encompassed organizational structure, organizational culture, and technology. Strategies for establishing knowledge management involved education and development, intellectual and material property management, fostering industry-university relationships, and the development and utilization of technology and information infrastructure. The outcomes of this model included increased productivity and efficiency, enhanced academic standards, greater community participation, and the promotion of innovation and creativity within human resources.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: In summary, the model demonstrates that the successful implementation of knowledge management depends on addressing multiple factors and applying effective strategies. By considering the causal, contextual, and intervening conditions alongside these strategies, universities can achieve positive, sustainable outcomes that enhance performance and foster innovation. Therefore, taking all these dimensions into account can provide valuable guidance for managers and policymakers aiming to improve knowledge management processes within universities.<strong>Objective: </strong>To successfully implement and utilize knowledge management at the university, it is essential to design and adopt a localized model that aligns with the institution's structure, culture, goals, and vision. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the factors influencing the establishment of knowledge management at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, with the aim of developing a conceptual model.
<strong>Method</strong>: This research is applied and qualitative, based on the grounded theory method. The statistical population of the study included all staff managers at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who had at least three years of executive experience. Purposeful sampling was employed in this research. In this sampling method, the number of participants cannot be predetermined, as the goal is to fully explore the phenomenon under study. Therefore, interviews continued until data saturation was reached—that is, when responses became repetitive and no new information emerged. Consequently, interviews were conducted until repeated answers were obtained and no new findings were identified, indicating saturation had been achieved. That is, until new data related to the category appeared, the expansion of the category was considered sufficient, and the relationships between the categories were established and confirmed. The number of samples selected using purposive sampling included 21 people. The research tool was a semi-structured interview. In addition to three years of executive experience, the selection criteria for the interviewees included expertise and interest in participating in the research. To ensure the validity of the data, the concepts of reliability and transferability were employed. Additionally, to guarantee the reliability of the data, verifiability was emphasized. In this research, to ensure verifiability, all documents related to the research data, as well as the inferences, interpretations, and findings, were systematically recorded from the very beginning of the study. The extracted concepts and categories, along with the findings, were communicated to the interviewees, whose corrective comments were incorporated. After applying these corrections, the items were approved by experts and reviewed by colleagues, who checked the findings and provided feedback. The components extracted during several stages by supervisors and advisors were also utilized. Interviews were coded in three stages—open coding, axial coding, and selective coding—using MAXQDA software. To ensure data validity, the criteria of validity, transferability, reliability, and confirmability were applied.
<strong>Findings: </strong>The qualitative findings revealed that the paradigmatic model for establishing knowledge management at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz comprises five dimensions: causal conditions, intervening conditions, contextual conditions, strategies, and outcomes.
The primary phenomenon identified was the establishment of knowledge management at the university. Causal conditions included leadership and management, financial resources, and human resources. Intervening conditions comprised international sanctions, resistance to change, low awareness of the nature of knowledge, and the university's political and environmental circumstances. Contextual conditions encompassed organizational structure, organizational culture, and technology. Strategies for establishing knowledge management involved education and development, intellectual and material property management, fostering industry-university relationships, and the development and utilization of technology and information infrastructure. The outcomes of this model included increased productivity and efficiency, enhanced academic standards, greater community participation, and the promotion of innovation and creativity within human resources.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: In summary, the model demonstrates that the successful implementation of knowledge management depends on addressing multiple factors and applying effective strategies. By considering the causal, contextual, and intervening conditions alongside these strategies, universities can achieve positive, sustainable outcomes that enhance performance and foster innovation. Therefore, taking all these dimensions into account can provide valuable guidance for managers and policymakers aiming to improve knowledge management processes within universities.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3132_6c036ab24285639307e294f735c1cff2.pdfUniversity of QomSciences and Techniques of Information Management2476-665811320250923Performance Evaluation and Enhancement of the Manuscript Publication process Using Process Mining(Case Study: Journal of Science and Techniques of Information Management)Performance Evaluation and Enhancement of the Manuscript Publication process Using Process Mining(Case Study: Journal of Science and Techniques of Information Management)421444375210.22091/stim.2025.11475.2170FAJalalRezaeenourProfessor,, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Qom, Qom,, Iran.0000-0002-3759-2607MohammadrezaNasiriPhD student in Information Science and Knowledge Studies, University of Qom، Qom، Iran0000-0002-8881-1670Journal Article20241013<strong>Objective:</strong> In recent years, the publication of scholarly articles in Iran has increased significantly. This growth can attributed to factors such as the expansion of graduate programs, publication requirements for faculty and students, and the influence of publication metrics on inistitutional and faculty rankings. Evaluations of faculty performance, university rankings, doctoral admissions, and promotions criteria have further reinforced this trend. However, the manuscript publication process -which includes writing, peer review, revision, and final publication -is often lengthy and challenging. Consequently, employing innovative methods such as process mining can help reduce processing time, enhance efficiency, and improve article quality. The main objective of this study is to analyze and improve the performance of academic manuscript publication processes using process mining. The research addresses two key questions: 1) What is the process model for article publication? and 2) What are the bottlenecks and the most time-consuming or frequent activities in the publication process? Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of enhancing the quality and efficiency of publication processes to shorten publication timelines and increase the scholarly impact of articles.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> This research applies process mining as an effective approach for analyzing, improving, and redesigning organizational processes. Process mining utilizes event logs from information systems to discover process models and identify inefficiencies. The methodology comprises three main phases: discovery, conformance, and enhancement. In the discovery phase, event logs are used to generate a process model without prior assumptions, revealing how processes are actually executed. The conformance phase compares the discovered model with actual data to detect deviations between intended and real process behaviors. Finally, the enhancement phase focuses on identifying bottlenecks and inefficiencies to design and implement process optimizations.
<strong>Findings:</strong> The findings indicate that the academic article publication process consists of multiple stages, each requiring varying amounts of time and resources. Key stages include manuscript submission through the journal system, initial screening based on specific criteria, similarity checking, assignment to expert reviewers, follow-up on author revisions, and final approval for publication. Although minor variations may exist across journals, the overall process remains similar. A major bottleneck identified is the time-consuming peer review and revision stage, which often causes significant delays—sometimes lasting several months. For instance, the time required for initial assessment, similarity checks, and reviewer feedback frequently exceeds expectations. Process mining analysis suggests that some delays can be reduced through automation. Specifically, automated similarity-checking systems can accelerate initial screening and streamline the process.
Additional findings reveal that the peer review process in higher-tier journals tends to be more complex and time-intensive due to higher submission volumes and the need for specialized evaluations. The study also suggests that improved scheduling of publication stages, along with advanced information systems, can help reduce delays. Better coordination among editorial board members and reviewers may further expedite the review and revision process.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Using process mining, this research has analyzed and proposed improvements for the manuscript publication process in academic journals. The results highlight that a primary challenge lies in the prolonged peer review and revision stages. Therefore, adopting automation tools and process optimization can significantly reduce publication time. Identifying bottlenecks and weaknesses also contributes to enhancing article quality and increasing journal efficiency. It is recommended that academic journals employ advanced approaches such as process mining and modern information systems to analyze and refine their workflows, thereby improving quality and shortening publication timelines.
Ultimately, this study underscores the vital role of academic journals in knowledge dissemination and scholarly advancement. Optimizing publication processes can elevate the quality of scholarly articles and amplify their impact at both national and international levels.<strong>Objective:</strong> In recent years, the publication of scholarly articles in Iran has increased significantly. This growth can attributed to factors such as the expansion of graduate programs, publication requirements for faculty and students, and the influence of publication metrics on inistitutional and faculty rankings. Evaluations of faculty performance, university rankings, doctoral admissions, and promotions criteria have further reinforced this trend. However, the manuscript publication process -which includes writing, peer review, revision, and final publication -is often lengthy and challenging. Consequently, employing innovative methods such as process mining can help reduce processing time, enhance efficiency, and improve article quality. The main objective of this study is to analyze and improve the performance of academic manuscript publication processes using process mining. The research addresses two key questions: 1) What is the process model for article publication? and 2) What are the bottlenecks and the most time-consuming or frequent activities in the publication process? Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of enhancing the quality and efficiency of publication processes to shorten publication timelines and increase the scholarly impact of articles.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> This research applies process mining as an effective approach for analyzing, improving, and redesigning organizational processes. Process mining utilizes event logs from information systems to discover process models and identify inefficiencies. The methodology comprises three main phases: discovery, conformance, and enhancement. In the discovery phase, event logs are used to generate a process model without prior assumptions, revealing how processes are actually executed. The conformance phase compares the discovered model with actual data to detect deviations between intended and real process behaviors. Finally, the enhancement phase focuses on identifying bottlenecks and inefficiencies to design and implement process optimizations.
<strong>Findings:</strong> The findings indicate that the academic article publication process consists of multiple stages, each requiring varying amounts of time and resources. Key stages include manuscript submission through the journal system, initial screening based on specific criteria, similarity checking, assignment to expert reviewers, follow-up on author revisions, and final approval for publication. Although minor variations may exist across journals, the overall process remains similar. A major bottleneck identified is the time-consuming peer review and revision stage, which often causes significant delays—sometimes lasting several months. For instance, the time required for initial assessment, similarity checks, and reviewer feedback frequently exceeds expectations. Process mining analysis suggests that some delays can be reduced through automation. Specifically, automated similarity-checking systems can accelerate initial screening and streamline the process.
Additional findings reveal that the peer review process in higher-tier journals tends to be more complex and time-intensive due to higher submission volumes and the need for specialized evaluations. The study also suggests that improved scheduling of publication stages, along with advanced information systems, can help reduce delays. Better coordination among editorial board members and reviewers may further expedite the review and revision process.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Using process mining, this research has analyzed and proposed improvements for the manuscript publication process in academic journals. The results highlight that a primary challenge lies in the prolonged peer review and revision stages. Therefore, adopting automation tools and process optimization can significantly reduce publication time. Identifying bottlenecks and weaknesses also contributes to enhancing article quality and increasing journal efficiency. It is recommended that academic journals employ advanced approaches such as process mining and modern information systems to analyze and refine their workflows, thereby improving quality and shortening publication timelines.
Ultimately, this study underscores the vital role of academic journals in knowledge dissemination and scholarly advancement. Optimizing publication processes can elevate the quality of scholarly articles and amplify their impact at both national and international levels.https://stim.qom.ac.ir/article_3752_533b2ee9eeb3574d92447a3dfcf01a3a.pdf