Understanding Telegram and Instagram Usage by Graduate Students at the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences in Allameh Tabataba'i University Using the Uses and Gratification Expectancy Model

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 MSc., Knowledge and Information Science, Shahid Masomi Public Library, Kelardasht, Iran. tahereh

2 Associate Professor, Departmeny of Knowledge and Information Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the perception of Telegram and Instagram use by graduate students of Allameh Tabataba'i University using the uses and gratification expectancy model.
Methods: The research consisted of an analysis of data collected via surveys. The overall statistical population was the 2,200 postgraduate students of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of Allameh Tabataba'i University. The sample size was 327 based on a Morgan table; data were collected using two researcher-designed questionnaires. In the first stage, to select the most applied mobile social media by students, they were asked to determine which of the social media based on mobile phones they use the most. The collection revealed that Telegram and Instagram were the most used among students. A second questionnaire was developed to collect data about these two mobile social media usage. The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, a factor analysis test to confirm the validity of the questions and identify key factors of each component, and the structural equation modeling technique was used.
Results: 41.90% of respondents were male and 53.52% of them were female. The age of most respondents (52.60%) is between 20 and 25 years old and the lowest (3.67%) is over 35 years old. The use of Telegram (46.15%) was greater than Instagram usage (30.77%). The highest average use of Telegram and Instagram was 1 to 3 hours a day. Analysis of variables showed that while the satisfaction with information sharing using Instagram was stronger than Telegram, with a path coefficient of 0.209, the satisfaction with the effect of perceived pleasure using Telegram was higher than Instagram, with a path coefficient of 0.266. There were no significant differences in the other variables: social interaction, spending time, self-reporting, and media attractiveness. They have also stated that using the telegram makes them feel more relaxed, gives them a sense of worth, and reinforces individual values in them.
Conclusions: The results showed that graduate students used both media for different purposes such as social interaction, spending time, and self-reporting, and despite the filtering of Telegram, no significant difference was observed between the use of Telegram and Instagram, and almost both media was equally sought after by users. The respondents addressed that they can meet their information needs without the help of others on these social media, so they have been able to expose their interests and desires to others. They think that social media provides information to other people without censorship, therefore, they may cause a kind of transparency in society.
 

Keywords

References

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Sciences and Techniques of Information Management
Volume 8, Issue 1
April 2022
Pages 117-142

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