Investigating How Knowledge Management Affects the Implementation of Industry 4.0 in the Home Appliance Industry of the Country

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D., Department of Industrial Management (Production and Operations), Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

3 Professor, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

Abstract

Purpose: Due to the increase in competitive pressure and the development and advancement of technology, manufacturing companies today consider Industry 4.0 a fundamental and crucial issue for enhancing performance, as well as for maintaining and improving their competitive position. The purpose of this research is to investigate how knowledge management and its influencing factors affect the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry.
Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and utilizes a survey for data collection. In order to conduct the current research, 13 factors were initially identified by reviewing the research background. Using the interpretative structural modeling technique, the relationship between the identified factors was determined. Based on this analysis, the conceptual model of this research was presented. In the following study, the fit of the conceptual model was measured and investigated using the structural equation modeling approach and Smart PLS software. In this research, a questionnaire was used to collect data. In order to align with the developed conceptual model, a questionnaire comprising 42 questions was designed based on the research background. It was then distributed to experts, managers, and employees in the household appliances industry using a sampling method. According to the structural equation modeling approach, the required sample size in this research is determined by the relationship 5q<n<15q. In this formula, q represents the number of questionnaire questions, and n represents the sample size. According to the 42 designed questions, 250 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 217 were returned.
Findings: The results of this research showed that organizational culture, leadership, organizational innovation, organizational structure, absorption capacity, teamwork, financial resources, compatibility of information systems, flexibility of employees, vision and strategy, performance evaluation, and providing feedback. Education and Industry 4.0 technologies have been identified as effective factors in knowledge management for the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry of the country. The results of this research indicate that the factors influencing knowledge management in the implementation of Industry 4.0 are categorized into eight levels. Organizational culture and leadership are identified as crucial variables and form the basis of the conceptual model essential for establishing Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry. The results of this research revealed that the variables of financial resources are at the seventh level, teamwork, organizational structure, and training at the sixth level, absorption capacity and vision and strategy at the fifth level, Industry 4.0 technologies at the fourth level, performance evaluation and providing feedback at the third level, flexibility of employees at the second level, and innovation and adaptability of information systems are placed at the first level.
Conclusion: The results of this study can facilitate the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industries of the country and encourage home appliance industry managers to utilize knowledge management in Industry 4.0 more effectively.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Agrawal, S., Sahu, A. & Kumar, G. (2022). A conceptual framework for the implementation of Industry 4.0 in legal informatics. Sustainable Computing. Informatics and Systems, 33.       
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suscom.2021.100650
Ansari, F. (2019). Knowledge management 4.0: theoretical and practical considerations in cyber physical production systems. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 52(13): 1597-1602.        
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.11.428
Ardito, L., Cerchione, R., Mazzola, E. & Raguseo, E. (2021). Industry 4.0 transition: a systematic literature review combining the absorptive capacity theory and the data–information–knowledge hierarchy. Journal of Knowledge Management, 26(9): 2222-2254.     
https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-04-2021-0325
Bai, C., Dallasega, P., Orzes, G. & Sarkis, J. (2020). Industry 4.0 technologies assessment: A sustainability perspective. International Journal of Production Economics, 229.       
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776.
Bal, H.Ç. & Erkan, Ç. (2019). Industry 4.0 and competitiveness. Procedia Computer Science, 158: 625-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.096.
Beier, G., Matthess, M., Shuttleworth, L., Guan, T., Grudzien, D.I.D.O.P., Xue, B. & Chen, L. (2022). Implications of Industry 4.0 on industrial employment: A comparative survey from Brazilian, Chinese, and German practitioners. Technology in Society, 70.     
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102028
Berkemeier, L., Zobel, B., Werning, S., Ickerott, I. & Thomas, O. (2019). Engineering of augmented reality-based information systems. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 61(1): 67-89.
Birkel, H.S., Veile, J.W., Müller, J.M., Hartmann, E. & Voigt, K.-I. (2019). Development of a risk framework for Industry 4.0 in the context of sustainability for established manufacturers. Sustainability, 11(2): 384. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020384.
Bravi, L. & Murmura, F. (2021). Industry 4.0 enabling technologies as a tool for the development of a competitive strategy in Italian manufacturing companies. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2021.101629
Burita, L. & Yang, Y. (2022). Inter-organizational social capital of firms in developing economies
and industry 4.0 readiness: the role of innovative capability and absorptive capacity. Review of Managerial Science, 17(2): 1-22.
Cabeza-Pullés, D., Fernández-Pérez, V. & Roldán-Bravo, M. I. (2020). Internal networking and innovation ambidexterity: The mediating role of knowledge management processes in university research. European Management Journal, 38(3): 450-461. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.12.008.
Castelo-Branco, I., Cruz-Jesus, F. & Oliveira, T. (2019). Assessing Industry 4.0 readiness in manufacturing: Evidence for the European Union. Computers in Industry, 107: 22-32.       
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2019.01.007
Chauhan, C., Singh, A. & Luthra, S. (2021). Barriers to industry 4.0 adoption and its performance implications: An empirical investigation of emerging economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124809
Chonsawat, N. & Sopadang, A. (2020). Defining SMEs’ 4.0 readiness indicators. Applied Sciences, 10(24): 8998.
Chukalov, K. (2017). Horizontal and vertical integration, as a requirement for cyber-physical systems in the context of industry 4.0. Industry 4.0, 2(4): 155-157.
Dalenogare, L.S., Benitez, G.B., Ayala, N.F. & Frank, A.G. (2018). The expected contribution of Industry 4.0 technologies for industrial performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 204: 383-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.08.019
Dash, G. & Paul, J. (2021). CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM methods for research in social sciences and technology forecasting. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173.           
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121092.
De bem Machado, A., Secinaro, S., Calandra, D. & Lanzalonga, F. (2021). Knowledge management, digital transformation, and Industry 4.0: Exploring relationship and solutions. Paper presented at the 16th International Forum on Knowledge Asset Dynamics.
Dhir, S. & Dhir, S. (2020). Modeling of strategic thinking enablers: a modified total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) and MICMAC approach. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 11(1): 175-188.
Di Vaio, A., Palladino, R., Pezzi, A. & Kalisz, D.E. (2021). The role of digital innovation in knowledge management systems: A systematic literature review. Journal of Business Research, 123: 220-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.09.042.
Dragicevic, N., Ullrich, A., Tsui, E. & Gronau, N. (2019). A conceptual model of knowledge dynamics in the industry 4.0 smart grid scenario. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 18(2): 199-213. https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2019.1633893.
Edgar, W.B. & Albright, K.S. (2022). Knowledge management activities: Conceptual foundations and research issues. Journal of Information Science, 49(6): 1656-1676.
El Hamdi, S. & Abouabdellah, A. (2018). Literature review of implementation of an entreprise resources planning: Dimensional approach. Paper presented at the 2018 4th International Conference on Logistics Operations Management (GOL).
El Hamdi, S., Abouabdellah, A. & Oudani, M. (2019). Industry 4.0: fundamentals and main challenges. Paper presented at the 2019 International Colloquium on Logistics and Supply Chain Management (Logistiqua).
Fan, Y.-J., Liu, S.-F., Luh, D.-B. & Teng, P.-S. (2021). Corporate sustainability: Impact factors on organizational innovation in the industrial area. Sustainability, 13(4): 1979.
Fathi, M., Ghobakhloo, M. & Syberfeldt, A. (2019). An interpretive structural modeling of teamwork training in higher education. Education Sciences, 9(1): 16.
Fettig, K., Gačić, T., Köskal, A., Kühn, A. & Stuber, F. (2018). Impact of industry 4.0 on organizational structures. Paper presented at the 2018 IEEE international conference on engineering, technology and innovation (ICE/ITMC).
Grabowska, S. & Saniuk, S. (2022). Assessment of the Competitiveness and Effectiveness of an Open Business Model in the Industry 4.0 Environment. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(1): 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010057
Haibat El-Pour, Z., MehrAlizadeh, Y., Barakat, Gh. & Nasiri, M. (2018). Presenting the model of human resource development strategies in the era of the fourth industrial revolution in chemical companies located in the industrial towns of Ahvaz city. Educational Planning Studies, 8(16): 177-202. [in persian]
Haibat El-Pour, Z., MehrAlizadeh, Y., Barakat, Gh. & Nasiri, M. (2019). Education and learning strategies and entrepreneurial innovation in the era of the fourth industrial revolution in the food industry companies of the industrial towns of Ahvaz city. Management of training organizations, 9(1): 257-221. [in persian]
Hair Jr, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C.M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N.P. & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer Nature.
Hassan Zadeh, M. (2021). Transformational knowledge management: a new generation of knowledge management to facilitate digital transformation. Information Management Sciences and Techniques, No. 4: 9-13. https://doi.org/10.22091/stim.2021.2041 [in persian]
Hecklau, F., Galeitzke, M., Flachs, S. & Kohl, H. (2016). Holistic approach for human resource management in Industry 4.0. Procedia cirp, 54: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.05.102
Hizam-Hanafiah, M., Soomro, M.A. & Abdullah, N.L. (2020). Industry 4.0 readiness models: a systematic literature review of model dimensions. Information, 11(7): 364.
Homan, H. (2017). Modeling structural equations using Lisrel software. Tehran: Samt Publications. [in persian]
Ibarra, D., Ganzarain, J. & Igartua, J.I. (2018). Business model innovation through Industry 4.0: A review. Procedia Manufacturing, 22: 4-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.03.002
Isaac, O., Aldholay, A., Abdullah, Z. & Ramayah, T. (2019). Online learning usage within Yemeni higher education: The role of compatibility and task-technology fit as mediating variables in the IS success model. Computers & Education, 136: 113-129.  
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.02.012.
Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R.P., Suman, R. & Gonzalez, E.S. (2022). Understanding the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in improving environmental sustainability. Sustainable Operations and Computers.vol. 3: 203-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.01.008
Jayashree, S., Reza, M.N.H., Malarvizhi, C.A.N., Gunasekaran, A. & Rauf, M.A. (2022). Testing an adoption model for Industry 4.0 and sustainability: A Malaysian scenario. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 31: 313-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2022.02.015.
Kamrani, S. & Kamali, A. (2017). Tendency to consume Iranian/foreign household appliances considering the economic, social and cultural factors affecting it. New Applied Studies in Management and Economics, No.1: 76-100. [in persian]
Karadayi-Usta, S. (2019). An interpretive structural analysis for industry 4.0 adoption challenges. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 67(3): 973-978.
Kazemargi, N. & Spagnoletti, P. (2020). IT investment decisions in industry 4.0: evidences from SMEs. In: Digital Business Transformation (pp. 77-92). Springer.
Khin, S. & Kee, D.M.H. (2022). Factors influencing Industry 4.0 adoption. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 33(3): 448–467. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-03-2021-0111.
Kiel, D., Müller, J.M., Arnold, C. & Voigt, K.-I. (2020). Sustainable industrial value creation: Benefits and challenges of industry 4.0. In: Digital disruptive innovation (pp. 231-270). World Scientific. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919617400151
Kineber, A.F., Othman, I., Oke, A.E., Chileshe, N. & Buniya, M.K. (2021). Impact of value management on building projects success: structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 147(4).
Kolyasnikov, M.S. & Kelchevskaya, N.R. (2020). Knowledge management strategies in companies: Trends and the impact of Industry 4.0. Upravlenec, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.29141/2218
Kumar, R., Singh, R.K. & Dwivedi, Y.K. (2020). Application of industry 4.0 technologies in SMEs for ethical and sustainable operations: Analysis of challenges. Journal of Cleaner Production, 275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124063.
Kumar, S. & Bhatia, M.S. (2021). Environmental dynamism, industry 4.0 and performance: Mediating role of organizational and technological factors. Industrial Marketing Management, 95: 54-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2021.03.010.
Kwiotkowska, A., Gajdzik, B., Wolniak, R., Vveinhardt, J. & Gębczyńska, M. (2021). Leadership competencies in making Industry 4.0 effective: The case of Polish heat and power industry. Energies, 14(14): 4338.
Lee, J., Kao, H.-A. & Yang, S. (2014). Service innovation and smart analytics for industry 4.0 and big data environment. Procedia cirp, 16: 3-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.02.001
Lin, X. & Powell, S.R. (2021). Examining the relation between whole numbers and fractions: A meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2021.102017
Liu, S.-F., Fan, Y.-J., Luh, D.-B. & Teng, P.-S. (2022). Organizational Culture: The Key to Improving Service Management in Industry 4.0. Applied Sciences, 12(1): 437.     
https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010437
Lodgaard, E. & Dransfeld, S. (2020). Organizational aspects for successful integration of human-machine interaction in the industry 4.0 era. Procedia cirp, 88: 218-222.
Macurová, P., Ludvík, L. & Žwaková, M. (2017). The driving factors, risks and barriers of the industry 4.0 concept. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, 12(7).
Mai, R., Niemand, T. & Kraus, S. (2021). A tailored-fit model evaluation strategy for better decisions about structural equation models. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2020.05.039
Masood, T. & Sonntag, P. (2020). Industry 4.0: Adoption challenges and benefits for SMEs. Computers in Industry, 121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2020.103261
Meher, J.R. & Mishra, R.K. (2019). Assessing the influence of knowledge management practices on organizational performance: an ISM approach. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 49(3): 440-456.
Meski, O., Belkadi, F., Laroche, F., Ladj, A. & Furet, B. (2019). Integrated data and knowledge management as key factor for Industry 4.0. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 47(4):
94-100. https://doi.org/10.1109/EMR.2019.2948589
Mofolasayo, A., Young, S., Martinez, P. & Ahmad, R. (2022). How to adapt lean practices in SMEs to support Industry 4.0 in manufacturing. Procedia Computer Science, 200: 934-943. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.01.291
Mohamed, M. (2018). Challenges and benefits of industry 4.0: An overview. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management, 5(3): 256-265. https://doi.org/10.22034/2018.3.7
Moktadir, M.A., Ali, S.M., Kusi-Sarpong, S. & Shaikh, M.A.A. (2018). Assessing challenges for implementing Industry 4.0: Implications for process safety and environmental protection. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 117: 730-741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2018.04.020
Müller, J.M., Buliga, O. & Voigt, K.-I. (2021). The role of absorptive capacity and innovation strategy in the design of industry 4.0 business Models-A comparison between SMEs and large enterprises. European Management Journal, 39(3): 333-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2020.01.002
Naderi Bani, M., Ebrahimzadeh Pezeshki, R., Abolghasemi, M. & Malekinejad, P. (2016). Designing a conceptual model for achieving organizational entrepreneurship with the integrated approach of fuzzy hierarchical analysis of Mikhailov and interpretive structural modeling (case study: Sports and Youth Organization of Yazd Province). Applied Research in Sports Management, 3(6):
127-139. [in persian]
Ninan, N., Roy, J.C. & Thomas, M.R. (2019). Training the workforce for industry 4.0. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 9(4): 782-790.
Oke, A. (2013). Linking manufacturing flexibility to innovation performance in manufacturing plants. International Journal of Production Economics, 143(2): 242-247.       
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.09.014
Oláh, J., Aburumman, N., Popp, J., Khan, M.A., Haddad, H. & Kitukutha, N. (2020). Impact of Industry 4.0 on environmental sustainability. Sustainability, 12(11): 4674.        
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114674
Osma, J.I.P., Salazar, F.L.M. & Gómez, K.N.M. (2020). Knowledge Management and Industry 4.0 and Open Innovation. Ingeniería Solidaria, 16(2).
Parhi, S., Joshi, K., Wuest, T. & Akarte, M. (2022). Factors affecting Industry 4.0 adoption–A hybrid SEM-ANN approach. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 168.         
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2022.108062
Prause, M. (2019). Challenges of industry 4.0 technology adoption for SMEs: the case of Japan. Sustainability, 11(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205807
Rainer, R.K. & Prince, B. (2021). Introduction to information systems. John Wiley & Sons.
Rama Devi, V. & Shaik, N. (2012). Training & Development-A Jump Starter for Employee Performance and Organizational Effectieness. International Journal of Social Science & Interdisciplinary Research, 1(7): 201-207.
Rosin, F., Forget, P., Lamouri, S. & Pellerin, R. (2020). Impacts of Industry 4.0 technologies on Lean principles. International Journal of Production Research, 58(6): 1644-1661.           
https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2019.1672902
Samaranayake, P., Ramanathan, K. & Laosirihongthong, T. (2017). Implementing industry 4.0: A technological readiness perspective. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM): 529–533. IEEE.
Sarbu, M. (2022). The impact of industry 4.0 on innovation performance: Insights from German manufacturing and service firms. Technovation, 113.  
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102415
Schmidt, R., Möhring, M., Härting, R.-C., Reichstein, C., Neumaier, P. & Jozinović, P. (2015). Industry 4.0-potentials for creating smart products: empirical research results. Paper presented at the International Conference on Business Information Systems.
Shamim, S., Cang, S., Yu, H. & Li, Y. (2016). Management approaches for Industry 4.0: A human resource management perspective. Paper presented at the 2016 IEEE congress on evolutionary computation (CEC).
Soares, M.N. & Kauffman, M.E. (2018). Industry 4.0: horizontal integration and intellectual property law strategies in England. Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza), 16(23): 268-289.
Sony, M. & Aithal, P.S. (2020). Developing an industry 4.0 readiness model for Indian engineering industries. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences, 5(2):
141-153.
Sony, M., Antony, J., Mc Dermott, O. & Garza-Reyes, J.A. (2021). An empirical examination of benefits, challenges, and critical success factors of industry 4.0 in manufacturing and service sector. Technology in Society, 67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101754
Tortorella, G., Prashar, A., Vassolo, R., Cawley Vergara, A.M., Godinho Filho, M. & Samson, D. (2022). Boosting the impact of knowledge management on innovation performance through industry 4.0 adoption. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 22(1): 32-48.  
https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2022.2108737
Tortorella, G.L. & Fettermann, D. (2018). Implementation of Industry 4.0 and lean production
in Brazilian manufacturing companies. International Journal of Production Research, 56(8): 2975-2987. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2017.1391420
Tuan, L.T. (2010). Organisational culture, leadership and performance measurement integratedness. International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development, 9(3): 251-275.
Tupa, J., Simota, J. & Steiner, F. (2017). Aspects of risk management implementation for Industry 4.0. Procedia Manufacturing, 11: 1223–1230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.248
Veile, J.W., Kiel, D., Müller, J.M. & Voigt, K.-I. (2019). Lessons learned from Industry 4.0 implementation in the German manufacturing industry. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 31(5): 977-997.
Verma, P., Kumar, V., Daim, T., Sharma, N.K. & Mittal, A. (2022). Identifying and prioritizing impediments of industry 4.0 to sustainable digital manufacturing: A mixed method approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131639
Wu, Q., Cherian, J., Samad, S., Comite, U., Hu, H., Gunnlaugsson, S.B. & Sial, M.S. (2021). The role of CSR and ethical leadership to shape employees’ pro-environmental behavior in the era of industry 4.0. A case of the banking sector. Sustainability, 13(17).       
https://doi.org/10.3390/su13179773
Yang, F. & Gu, S. (2021). Industry 4.0, a revolution that requires technology and national strategies. Complex & Intelligent Systems, 7(3): 1311–1325.
 
Send comment about this article
CAPTCHA Image
Sciences and Techniques of Information Management
Volume 9, Issue 4
December 2023
Pages 261-292

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics