شایستگی‌های عملی و نظری خلق دانش در بین پژوهشگران صنعت 5.0

Introduction and Problem Statement:

Transitioning past the first decades of the 21st century, the literature on technology management and higher education has witnessed a fundamental paradigm shift from a "technology-centric" approach (Industry 4.0) to a "value-centric" approach (Industry 5.0). While the Fourth Industrial Revolution focused on automation, artificial intelligence, and efficiency, Industry 5.0, by introducing the three core pillars of "Human-centricity," "Sustainability," and "Resilience," seeks to restore human well-being and planetary health to the center of industrial systems. In this novel ecosystem, the role of researchers, as the primary custodians of knowledge creation, has undergone profound transformations. They are no longer merely technicians operating advanced tools but must act as "architects of human-machine symbiosis." Despite the critical importance of this role shift, a review of existing literature reveals a distinct theoretical and practical gap; most studies either focus on general workforce skills (ignoring the specific nature of research) or concentrate solely on technical aspects, neglecting cognitive and value-based dimensions. The lack of an integrated model that can explain both "theoretical" (the why) and "practical" (the how) competencies simultaneously serves as the primary motivation for this research.



Methodology:

This study aims to identify and classify researcher competencies using a "Systematic Review" approach based on the standard PRISMA 2020 protocol. The statistical population included all relevant scientific documents published from 2017 (the inception of Industry 5.0 concepts) to the end of 2025. The literature search was conducted at both international and national levels; internationally via Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Emerald Insight, and nationally via SID, Noormags, and IranDoc databases, utilizing advanced search strategies and Boolean operators (AND/OR).

In the initial search phase, 1,197 records were identified. Following the removal of duplicates and initial screening based on titles and abstracts, a significant number of articles that were purely technical-engineering in nature and lacked a managerial or human-centric approach were excluded. Ultimately, the full texts of 162 articles were rigorously evaluated, and after applying inclusion criteria (explicit focus on Industry 5.0, knowledge creation, and human competencies), 54 original studies were selected for final analysis. To ensure selection validity, the screening process was conducted independently by two researchers, yielding a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 0.84, indicating excellent reliability. The extracted data were categorized using "qualitative synthesis" and thematic analysis methods.



Findings:

Deep analysis of the selected texts revealed that the competency profile of researchers in Industry 5.0 requires a complex combination of two main dimensions and one comparative dimension:



Theoretical Competencies (Insight-based): acting as a "strategic compass." Findings showed that researchers must possess "sustainability literacy" (understanding the circular economy and planetary boundaries), "systems thinking" (viewing research within the global value chain), and "human-centric insight" to perceive technology not as a replacement but as a complement to humans.



Practical Competencies (Executive): extending beyond standard digital skills to include "intelligent interaction management." Key extracted components include the ability to work with "Collaborative Robots" (Cobots), utilizing "Explainable AI" (XAI) for data validation, employing "Digital Twins" for research simulation, and big data analytics. Furthermore, high-level soft skills such as critical thinking, creativity, and complex interdisciplinary problem-solving fall within this category.



Comparative Analysis (National vs. Global): A significant finding is the substantive difference in study focus. Domestic studies (Iran) predominantly emphasize "value, identity, and ethical" dimensions (such as commitment, justice-orientation, and indigenous/Islamic models), while international research focuses more on "digital adaptability" and cognitive skills.



Conclusion and Implications:

The present research demonstrates that the Industry 5.0 paradigm has altered the definition of an "elite researcher." A successful researcher in this era is not an isolated technician but a "Value-Creating Leader" capable of integrating theoretical wisdom (to discern ethical right from wrong) with operational power (to utilize intelligent tools). The model derived from this research suggests that universities and higher education institutions must move beyond traditional, one-dimensional models and redesign curricula to simultaneously teach "human-machine interaction" skills and "digital ethics." This integrated approach guarantees the creation of sustainable and responsible knowledge in the future.