طراحی و ارزیابی مدل مدیریت دانش آموزش الکترونیکی برای نظام آموزش عالی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو دکتری، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، رئیس پژوهشگاه علوم و فناوری اطلاعات ایران (ایرانداک)، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی شهرری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی فرایندها و سازوکارهای مدیریت دانشِ آموزش الکترونیکی در نظام آموزش عالی ایران و ارزیابی و اعتبار‌سنجی مدل مفهومی آن انجام شده است.
روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش، یک پژوهش پیمایشی است. ابعاد اولیه مدل بر پایه روش کیفیِ نظریه داده‌بنیاد (گراندد تئوری) و مصاحبه با خبرگان استخراج شد. در بخش کمی، جامعه آماری شامل ۳۸۰ نفر از کارشناسان و مدیران حوزه مدیریت دانش و آموزش الکترونیکی بود که به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش‌نامه بود که روایی و پایایی آن از طریق شاخص‌های بار عاملی، روایی هم‌گرا، آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی در نرم‌افزار اسمارت پی‌ال‌اس تأیید شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها و بررسی روابط مدل، از تکنیک مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری، آزمون تی تک‌نمونه‌ای و آزمون فریدمن استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: تحلیل معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که تمامی روابط بین متغیرها و مؤلفه‌ها در سطح اطمینان ۹۵ درصد معنادار است. مدل نهایی شامل ۷ فرایند اصلی (انتخاب، کسب، خلق، سازمان‌دهی، اشتراک، ارزیابی و ممیزی، و به‌کارگیری دانش) و ۲۱ سازوکار است. بر اساس آزمون فریدمن، بیشترین میزان تأثیر بر فرایندهای مدیریت دانش آموزش الکترونیکی به ترتیب متعلق به عامل‌های «خلق دانش» (رتبه ۴/۵۸)، «سازمان‌دهی دانش» (رتبه ۴/۵۴) و «کسب دانش» (رتبه ۴/۵۳) است. همچنین در میان سازوکارها، مؤلفه‌های تبادل دانش، هم‌جوشی و مصورسازی بیشترین رتبه اهمیت را کسب کردند.
نتیجه‌گیری: استقرار مدیریت دانش در بستر آموزش الکترونیکی به دلیل ساختار دانش‌محور دانشگاه‌ها ابزاری استراتژیک برای کسب مزیت رقابتی است. نتایج پژوهش تایید کرد که چرخۀ حیات دانش در دانشگاه‌های آنلاین با تمرکز بر خلق اشتراکی، سازمان‌دهی محتوای دیجیتال و تبادل پویای دانش شکل می‌گیرد. مدل ارزیابی‌شده در این پژوهش می‌تواند به عنوان یک الگوی کاربردی به سیاست‌گذاران آموزش عالی کمک کند تا کیفیت، اثربخشی و بهره‌وری نظام‌های یادگیری مجازی را ارتقا بخشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Design and evaluation of e-learning knowledge management model for Iran's higher education system

نویسندگان [English]

  • elaheh gholipour hajmahmood 1
  • Mohammad Hassanzadeh 2
  • Nadjla Hariri 3
  • Dariush Matlabi 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Tarbiat Modares University & President, Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc), Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Yadgar Imam Khomeini Shahrari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: This study aims to identify the processes and mechanisms of e-learning knowledge management within the Iranian higher education system and to evaluate and validate a corresponding conceptual model.
Methodology: This research is applied in nature and employs a descriptive-survey design. The primary dimensions of the model were initially derived through a qualitative approach using Grounded Theory and semi-structured expert interviews. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population comprised 380 experts and managers in the fields of knowledge management and e-learning, selected via simple random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire, with validity and reliability confirmed via factor loadings, Average Variance Extracted (AVE), Cronbach's alpha, and Composite Reliability (CR) using SmartPLS software. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the one-sample t-test, and the Friedman test were employed to analyze variable relationships and validate the model.
Findings: Structural Equation Modeling revealed that all relationships between variables and components were statistically significant at a 95% confidence level. The final validated model comprises seven core processes—knowledge selection, acquisition, creation, organization, sharing, assessment/audit, and application—supported by 21 underlying mechanisms. Friedman test results indicate that "Knowledge Creation" (mean rank: 4.58) is the most influential factor, followed by "Knowledge Organization" (mean rank: 4.54) and "Knowledge Acquisition" (mean rank: 4.53). Furthermore, among the 21 mechanisms, knowledge exchange, fusion, and visualization were ranked as the most significant.
Conclusion: Implementing knowledge management within e-learning platforms serves as a strategic tool for higher education institutions—inherently knowledge-based organizations—to sustain a competitive advantage. This study demonstrates that the knowledge lifecycle in virtual universities depends heavily on collaborative creation, systematic digital content organization, and dynamic exchange. The validated model provides policy-makers and administrators in higher education with a practical framework to enhance the quality, productivity, and overall effectiveness of virtual learning environments

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Knowledge management model in e-learning
  • knowledge management processes
  • knowledge management technologies
  • knowledge creation
  • knowledge sharing
  • knowledge selection
  • knowledge organization
  • knowledge application
  • knowledge acquisition
  • knowledge evaluation and audit
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