نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد تحقیقات آموزشی، گروه روشها و برنامهریزی آموزشی و درسی، دانشکده روان شناسی و علوم‌تربیتی، دانشگاه
2 دانشیار بخش تخصصی پژوهش و سنجش، گروه روشها و برنامه ریزی آموزشی و درسی، دانشکده روان شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Purpose: Artificial Intelligence (AI), as a transformative technology of the modern era, has become an indispensable necessity across various domains due to its pivotal role in harnessing big data. This study aims to identify the capacities and achievements of AI in education by reviewing prior research, with a focus on its potential to enhance educational quality, productivity, and responsiveness to diverse societal expectations. The exponential growth of big data and the urgent need to optimize its use for improving precision, quality, efficiency, and service accessibility have positioned AI as a critical imperative for both developed and developing societies. In the educational context, this imperative holds twofold significance, driven by the sector’s unique missions, organizational maturity, content-specific demands, diverse learner demographics, public expectations, and cost-management challenges. Despite this urgency, current evidence highlights insufficient attention from policymakers and educational authorities in leveraging AI’s transformative capacities and implementation achievements within Iran’s educational system. Consequently, this study aims to address existing theoretical gaps in the application and impact of AI in education, providing a comprehensive framework to guide future research, policy formulation, and the practical integration of AI-driven solutions.
Method: This study was conducted as a systematic review based on the proposed guidelines by Kitchenham et al. (2009) (Planning for Review, Conducting a Review, Validity of Studies). Combining and synthesizing their findings to provide a coherent and comprehensive response. To collect data, after searching for specialized research keywords including "Artificial intelligence," "Machine learning", "Intelligent support or robots", "Expert system", "Neural network", "Natural language processing" and "Education", along with "Assessment and test," "Learning," "Teaching," on international databases such as Science Direct, Springer, IEEE Xplore, Wiley Online Library, ERIC, Sage Journals, and Emerald within the time frame of (2015 - 2022), 57 articles were retrieved.
Findings: In response to the first research question, the most important applications of artificial intelligence for education, such as machine learning, artificial neural networks, natural language processing, virtual reality and intelligent personal assistants, deep learning, Bayesian networks, robots, data mining, learning analytics, and intelligent educational factors were identified. In response to the second research question, the capabilities of artificial intelligence for education include scalability, repeatability, and learning analytics, improving the quality of education, enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of educators and learners, personalized and specialized education adaptation, improving the quality of learning experience and continuous learning, improving assessment processes, online testing and detailed analysis of educational data, reducing workload and time management, supporting teacher development, enhancing classroom communication and appropriate learner interaction, fostering learner creativity, educational system intelligence, promoting educational justice, support, and cost reduction, optimizing educational and administrative processes, and teaching the latest skills and practical skills. In response to the third research question, the most significant achievements of artificial intelligence in education include improvements in three key areas: management, learning, and teaching.
Discussion and Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that artificial intelligence (AI) acts as a driving force behind educational innovation, leveraging its diverse applications (e.g., natural language processing and deep learning), transformative potentials (such as personalized learning and cost reduction), and multidimensional achievements (spanning management, learning, and pedagogy). By providing tools for personalized learning, enhanced assessment, streamlined educational administration, and increased learner engagement, AI significantly contributes to reshaping educational systems. Results further indicate that strategic utilization of AI’s capabilities can markedly improve the quality and efficiency of educational processes. However, fully unlocking AI’s potential necessitates addressing critical gaps. Future research must prioritize ethical considerations, educators’ digital literacy, implementation in underserved communities, and long-term socio-cultural impact evaluations to ensure the equitable and sustainable integration of these initiatives. Theoretical advancements can be achieved through interdisciplinary studies that focus on integrating AI with educational psychology and pedagogical advancements. This includes standardized evaluation frameworks for AI-driven tools, Strategies to mitigate algorithmic biases, and AI-powered adaptive assessment systems. To maximize AI’s benefits, policymakers and educational leaders should invest in technological infrastructure to support AI adoption, prioritize teacher training programs to enhance digital literacy, develop inclusive policies to bridge access gaps in marginalized settings, and Foster collaborations between technologists, educators, and policymakers to align AI innovations with pedagogical goals. This study highlights AI’s potential to revolutionize education, but emphasizes that its success depends on ethical governance, equitable implementation, and ongoing interdisciplinary research.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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